Transitional Words and Phrases
One of your primary goals as a writer is to present ideas in a clear and understandable way. To help readers move through your complex ideas, you want to be intentional about how you structure your paper as a whole as well as how you form the individual paragraphs that comprise it. In order to think through the challenges of presenting your ideas articulately, logically, and in ways that seem natural to your readers, check out some of these resources: Developing a Thesis Statement , Paragraphing , and Developing Strategic Transitions: Writing that Establishes Relationships and Connections Between Ideas.
While clear writing is mostly achieved through the deliberate sequencing of your ideas across your entire paper, you can guide readers through the connections you’re making by using transitional words in individual sentences. Transitional words and phrases can create powerful links between your ideas and can help your reader understand your paper’s logic.
In what follows, we’ve included a list of frequently used transitional words and phrases that can help you establish how your various ideas relate to each other. We’ve divided these words and phrases into categories based on the common kinds of relationships writers establish between ideas.
Two recommendations: Use these transitions strategically by making sure that the word or phrase you’re choosing matches the logic of the relationship you’re emphasizing or the connection you’re making. All of these words and phrases have different meanings, nuances, and connotations, so before using a particular transitional word in your paper, be sure you understand its meaning and usage completely, and be sure that it’s the right match for your paper’s logic. Use these transitional words and phrases sparingly because if you use too many of them, your readers might feel like you are overexplaining connections that are already clear.
Categories of Transition Words and Phrases
Causation Chronology Combinations Contrast Example
Importance Location Similarity Clarification Concession
Conclusion Intensification Purpose Summary
Transitions to help establish some of the most common kinds of relationships
Causation– Connecting instigator(s) to consequence(s).
accordingly as a result and so because
consequently for that reason hence on account of
since therefore thus
Chronology– Connecting what issues in regard to when they occur.
after afterwards always at length during earlier following immediately in the meantime
later never next now once simultaneously so far sometimes
soon subsequently then this time until now when whenever while
Combinations Lists– Connecting numerous events. Part/Whole– Connecting numerous elements that make up something bigger.
additionally again also and, or, not as a result besides even more
finally first, firstly further furthermore in addition in the first place in the second place
last, lastly moreover next second, secondly, etc. too
Contrast– Connecting two things by focusing on their differences.
after all although and yet at the same time but
despite however in contrast nevertheless nonetheless notwithstanding
on the contrary on the other hand otherwise though yet
Example– Connecting a general idea to a particular instance of this idea.
as an illustration e.g., (from a Latin abbreviation for “for example”)
for example for instance specifically that is
to demonstrate to illustrate
Importance– Connecting what is critical to what is more inconsequential.
chiefly critically
foundationally most importantly
of less importance primarily
Location– Connecting elements according to where they are placed in relationship to each other.
above adjacent to below beyond
centrally here nearby neighboring on
opposite to peripherally there wherever
Similarity– Connecting to things by suggesting that they are in some way alike.
by the same token in like manner
in similar fashion here in the same way
likewise wherever
Other kinds of transitional words and phrases Clarification
i.e., (from a Latin abbreviation for “that is”) in other words
that is that is to say to clarify to explain
to put it another way to rephrase it
granted it is true
naturally of course
finally lastly
in conclusion in the end
to conclude
Intensification
in fact indeed no
of course surely to repeat
undoubtedly without doubt yes
for this purpose in order that
so that to that end
to this end
in brief in sum
in summary in short
to sum up to summarize
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Connecting Ideas Through Transitions
Using Transitional Words and Phrases
Transitions
What this handout is about.
In this crazy, mixed-up world of ours, transitions glue our ideas and our essays together. This handout will introduce you to some useful transitional expressions and help you employ them effectively.
The function and importance of transitions
In both academic writing and professional writing, your goal is to convey information clearly and concisely, if not to convert the reader to your way of thinking. Transitions help you to achieve these goals by establishing logical connections between sentences, paragraphs, and sections of your papers. In other words, transitions tell readers what to do with the information you present to them. Whether single words, quick phrases, or full sentences, they function as signs that tell readers how to think about, organize, and react to old and new ideas as they read through what you have written.
Transitions signal relationships between ideas—relationships such as: “Another example coming up—stay alert!” or “Here’s an exception to my previous statement” or “Although this idea appears to be true, here’s the real story.” Basically, transitions provide the reader with directions for how to piece together your ideas into a logically coherent argument. Transitions are not just verbal decorations that embellish your paper by making it sound or read better. They are words with particular meanings that tell the reader to think and react in a particular way to your ideas. In providing the reader with these important cues, transitions help readers understand the logic of how your ideas fit together.
Signs that you might need to work on your transitions
How can you tell whether you need to work on your transitions? Here are some possible clues:
- Your instructor has written comments like “choppy,” “jumpy,” “abrupt,” “flow,” “need signposts,” or “how is this related?” on your papers.
- Your readers (instructors, friends, or classmates) tell you that they had trouble following your organization or train of thought.
- You tend to write the way you think—and your brain often jumps from one idea to another pretty quickly.
- You wrote your paper in several discrete “chunks” and then pasted them together.
- You are working on a group paper; the draft you are working on was created by pasting pieces of several people’s writing together.
Organization
Since the clarity and effectiveness of your transitions will depend greatly on how well you have organized your paper, you may want to evaluate your paper’s organization before you work on transitions. In the margins of your draft, summarize in a word or short phrase what each paragraph is about or how it fits into your analysis as a whole. This exercise should help you to see the order of and connection between your ideas more clearly.
If after doing this exercise you find that you still have difficulty linking your ideas together in a coherent fashion, your problem may not be with transitions but with organization. For help in this area (and a more thorough explanation of the “reverse outlining” technique described in the previous paragraph), please see the Writing Center’s handout on organization .
How transitions work
The organization of your written work includes two elements: (1) the order in which you have chosen to present the different parts of your discussion or argument, and (2) the relationships you construct between these parts. Transitions cannot substitute for good organization, but they can make your organization clearer and easier to follow. Take a look at the following example:
El Pais , a Latin American country, has a new democratic government after having been a dictatorship for many years. Assume that you want to argue that El Pais is not as democratic as the conventional view would have us believe.
One way to effectively organize your argument would be to present the conventional view and then to provide the reader with your critical response to this view. So, in Paragraph A you would enumerate all the reasons that someone might consider El Pais highly democratic, while in Paragraph B you would refute these points. The transition that would establish the logical connection between these two key elements of your argument would indicate to the reader that the information in paragraph B contradicts the information in paragraph A. As a result, you might organize your argument, including the transition that links paragraph A with paragraph B, in the following manner:
Paragraph A: points that support the view that El Pais’s new government is very democratic.
Transition: Despite the previous arguments, there are many reasons to think that El Pais’s new government is not as democratic as typically believed.
Paragraph B: points that contradict the view that El Pais’s new government is very democratic.
In this case, the transition words “Despite the previous arguments,” suggest that the reader should not believe paragraph A and instead should consider the writer’s reasons for viewing El Pais’s democracy as suspect.
As the example suggests, transitions can help reinforce the underlying logic of your paper’s organization by providing the reader with essential information regarding the relationship between your ideas. In this way, transitions act as the glue that binds the components of your argument or discussion into a unified, coherent, and persuasive whole.
Types of transitions
Now that you have a general idea of how to go about developing effective transitions in your writing, let us briefly discuss the types of transitions your writing will use.
The types of transitions available to you are as diverse as the circumstances in which you need to use them. A transition can be a single word, a phrase, a sentence, or an entire paragraph. In each case, it functions the same way: First, the transition either directly summarizes the content of a preceding sentence, paragraph, or section or implies such a summary (by reminding the reader of what has come before). Then, it helps the reader anticipate or comprehend the new information that you wish to present.
- Transitions between sections: Particularly in longer works, it may be necessary to include transitional paragraphs that summarize for the reader the information just covered and specify the relevance of this information to the discussion in the following section.
- Transitions between paragraphs: If you have done a good job of arranging paragraphs so that the content of one leads logically to the next, the transition will highlight a relationship that already exists by summarizing the previous paragraph and suggesting something of the content of the paragraph that follows. A transition between paragraphs can be a word or two (however, for example, similarly), a phrase, or a sentence. Transitions can be at the end of the first paragraph, at the beginning of the second paragraph, or in both places.
- Transitions within paragraphs: As with transitions between sections and paragraphs, transitions within paragraphs act as cues by helping readers to anticipate what is coming before they read it. Within paragraphs, transitions tend to be single words or short phrases.
Transitional expressions
Effectively constructing each transition often depends upon your ability to identify words or phrases that will indicate for the reader the kind of logical relationships you want to convey. The table below should make it easier for you to find these words or phrases. Whenever you have trouble finding a word, phrase, or sentence to serve as an effective transition, refer to the information in the table for assistance. Look in the left column of the table for the kind of logical relationship you are trying to express. Then look in the right column of the table for examples of words or phrases that express this logical relationship.
Keep in mind that each of these words or phrases may have a slightly different meaning. Consult a dictionary or writer’s handbook if you are unsure of the exact meaning of a word or phrase.
also, in the same way, just as … so too, likewise, similarly | |
but, however, in spite of, on the one hand … on the other hand, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, in contrast, on the contrary, still, yet | |
first, second, third, … next, then, finally | |
after, afterward, at last, before, currently, during, earlier, immediately, later, meanwhile, now, recently, simultaneously, subsequently, then | |
for example, for instance, namely, specifically, to illustrate | |
even, indeed, in fact, of course, truly | |
above, adjacent, below, beyond, here, in front, in back, nearby, there | |
accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus | |
additionally, again, also, and, as well, besides, equally important, further, furthermore, in addition, moreover, then | |
finally, in a word, in brief, briefly, in conclusion, in the end, in the final analysis, on the whole, thus, to conclude, to summarize, in sum, to sum up, in summary |
You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Common transition words and phrases.
In an effort to make our handouts more accessible, we have begun converting our PDF handouts to web pages. Download this page as a PDF: Transitions Return to Writing Studio Handouts
Transitions clarify the logic of your argument by orienting your reader as you develop ideas between sentences and paragraphs. These tools should alert readers to shifts in your argument while and also maintain the smoothness and clarity of your prose. Below, you’ll find some of the most commonly used transition categories and examples of each. Depending on the example, these suggestions may be within sentences or at the beginning of sentences.
Transitions by Category
1. addition.
Use when presenting multiple ideas that flow in the same direction, under the same heading/ idea also, another, finally, first, first of all, for one thing, furthermore, in addition, last of all, likewise, moreover, next, and, second, the third reason
2. Sequence/ Order
Use to suggest a temporal relationship between ideas; places evidence in sequence first, second (etc.), next, last, finally, first of all, concurrently, immediately, prior to, then, at that time, at this point, previously, subsequently, and then, at this time, thereafter, previously, soon, before, after, followed by, after that, next, before, after, meanwhile, formerly, finally, during
3. Contrast
Use to demonstrate differences between ideas or change in argument direction but, however, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, yet, differ, difference, balanced against, differing from, variation, still, on the contrary, unlike, conversely, otherwise, on the other hand, however
4. Exception
Use to introduce an opposing idea however, whereas, on the other hand, while, instead, in spite of, yet, despite, still, nevertheless, even though, in contrast, but, but one could also say…
5. Comparison
Use to demonstrate similarities between ideas that may not be under the same subject heading or within the same paragraph like, likewise, just, in a different way / sense, whereas, like, equally, in like manner, by comparison, similar to, in the same way, alike, similarity, similarly, just as, as in a similar fashion, conversely
6. Illustration
Use to develop or clarify an idea, to introduce examples, or to show that the second idea is subordinate to the first for example, to illustrate, on this occasion, this can be seen, in this case, specifically, once, to illustrate, when/where, for instance, such as, to demonstrate, take the case of, in this case
7. Location
Use to show spatial relations next to, above, below, beneath, left, right, behind, in front, on top, within
8. Cause and Effect
Use to show that one idea causes, or results from, the idea that follows or precedes it because, therefore, so that, cause, reason, effect, thus, consequently, since, as a result, if…then, result in
9. Emphasis
Use to suggest that an idea is particularly important to your argument important to note, most of all, a significant factor, a primary concern, a key feature, remember that, pay particular attention to, a central issue, the most substantial issue, the main value, a major event, the chief factor, a distinctive quality, especially valuable, the chief outcome, a vital force, especially relevant, most noteworthy, the principal item, above all, should be noted
10. Summary or Conclusion
Use to signal that what follows is summarizing or concluding the previous ideas; in humanities papers, use these phrases sparingly. to summarize, in short, in brief, in sum, in summary, to sum up, in conclusion, to conclude, finally
Some material adapted from Cal Poly Pomona College Reading Skills Program and “ Power Tools for Technical Communication .”
Writing Effective Sentence Transitions (Advanced)
Transitions are the rhetorical tools that clarify the logic of your argument by orienting your reader as you develop ideas between sentences and paragraphs. The ability to integrate sentence transitions into your prose, rather than simply throwing in overt transition signals like “in addition,” indicates your mastery of the material. (Note: The visibility of transitions may vary by discipline; consult with your professor to get a better sense of discipline or assignment specific expectations.)
Transition Signals
Transition signals are words or phrases that indicate the logic connecting sets of information or ideas. Signals like therefore, on the other hand, for example, because, then, and afterwards can be good transition tools at the sentence and paragraph level. When using these signals, be conscious of the real meaning of these terms; they should reflect the actual relationship between ideas.
Review Words
Review words are transition tools that link groups of sentences or whole paragraphs. They condense preceding discussion into a brief word or phrase. For example: You’ve just completed a detailed discussion about the greenhouse effect. To transition to the next topic, you could use review words like “this heat-trapping process” to refer back to the green house effect discussion. The relative ability to determine a cogent set of review words might signal your own understanding of your work; think of review words as super-short summaries of key ideas.
Preview words
Preview words condense an upcoming discussion into a brief word or phrase. For example: You’ve just explained how heat is trapped in the earth’s atmosphere. Transitioning to the theory that humans are adding to that effect, you could use preview words like “sources of additional CO2 in the atmosphere include” to point forward to that discussion.
Transition Sentences
The strongest and most sophisticated tools, transition sentences indicate the connection between the preceding and upcoming pieces of your argument. They often contain one or more of the above transition tools. For example: You’ve just discussed how much CO2 humans have added to the atmosphere. You need to transition to a discussion of the effects. A strong set of transition sentences between the two sections might sound like this:
“These large amounts of CO2 added to the atmosphere may lead to a number of disastrous consequences for residents of planet earth. The rise in global temperature that accompanies the extra CO2 can yield effects as varied as glacial melting and species extinction.”
In the first sentence, the review words are “These large amounts of CO2 added to the atmosphere”; the preview words are “number of disastrous consequences”; the transition signals are “may lead to.” The topic sentence of the next paragraph indicates the specific “disastrous consequences” you will discuss.
If you don’t see a way to write a logical, effective transition between sentences, ideas or paragraphs, this might indicate organizational problems in your essay; you might consider revising your work.
Some material adapted from Cal Poly Pomona College Reading Skills Program and “ Power Tools for Technical Communication .”
Last revised: 07/2008 | Adapted for web delivery: 05/2021
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- Transition Words & Phrases | List & Examples
Transition Words & Phrases | List & Examples
Published on May 29, 2020 by Jack Caulfield . Revised on August 23, 2023.
Transition words and phrases (also called linking words, connecting words, or transitional words) are used to link together different ideas in your text. They help the reader to follow your arguments by expressing the relationships between different sentences or parts of a sentence.
The proposed solution to the problem did not work. Therefore , we attempted a second solution. However , this solution was also unsuccessful.
For clear writing, it’s essential to understand the meaning of transition words and use them correctly.
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Table of contents
When and how to use transition words, types and examples of transition words, common mistakes with transition words, other interesting articles.
Transition words commonly appear at the start of a new sentence or clause (followed by a comma ), serving to express how this clause relates to the previous one.
Transition words can also appear in the middle of a clause. It’s important to place them correctly to convey the meaning you intend.
Example text with and without transition words
The text below describes all the events it needs to, but it does not use any transition words to connect them. Because of this, it’s not clear exactly how these different events are related or what point the author is making by telling us about them.
If we add some transition words at appropriate moments, the text reads more smoothly and the relationship among the events described becomes clearer.
Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. Consequently , France and the United Kingdom declared war on Germany. The Soviet Union initially worked with Germany in order to partition Poland. However , Germany invaded the Soviet Union in 1941.
Don’t overuse transition words
While transition words are essential to clear writing, it’s possible to use too many of them. Consider the following example, in which the overuse of linking words slows down the text and makes it feel repetitive.
In this case the best way to fix the problem is to simplify the text so that fewer linking words are needed.
The key to using transition words effectively is striking the right balance. It is difficult to follow the logic of a text with no transition words, but a text where every sentence begins with a transition word can feel over-explained.
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There are four main types of transition word: additive, adversative, causal, and sequential. Within each category, words are divided into several more specific functions.
Remember that transition words with similar meanings are not necessarily interchangeable. It’s important to understand the meaning of all the transition words you use. If unsure, consult a dictionary to find the precise definition.
Additive transition words
Additive transition words introduce new information or examples. They can be used to expand upon, compare with, or clarify the preceding text.
Function | Example sentence | Transition words and phrases |
---|---|---|
Addition | We found that the mixture was effective. , it appeared to have additional effects we had not predicted. | indeed, furthermore, moreover, additionally, and, also, both and , not only but also , , in fact |
Introduction | Several researchers have previously explored this topic. , Smith (2014) examined the effects of … | such as, like, particularly, including, as an illustration, for example, for instance, in particular, to illustrate, especially, notably |
Reference | The solution showed a high degree of absorption. , it is reasonable to conclude that … | considering , regarding , in regard to , as for , concerning , the fact that , on the subject of |
Similarity | It was not possible to establish a correlation between these variables. , the connection between and remains unclear … | similarly, in the same way, by the same token, in like manner, equally, likewise |
Clarification | The patient suffered several side effects, increased appetite, decreased libido, and disordered sleep. | that is (to say), namely, specifically, more precisely, in other words |
Adversative transition words
Adversative transition words always signal a contrast of some kind. They can be used to introduce information that disagrees or contrasts with the preceding text.
Function | Example sentence | Transition words and phrases |
---|---|---|
Conflict | The novel does deal with the theme of family. , its central theme is more broadly political … | but, however, although, though, equally, by way of contrast, while, on the other hand, (and) yet, whereas, in contrast, (when) in fact, conversely, whereas |
Concession | Jones (2011) argues that the novel reflects Russian politics of the time. this is correct, other aspects of the text must also be considered. | even so, nonetheless, nevertheless, even though, on the other hand, admittedly, despite , notwithstanding , (and) still, although, , regardless (of ), (and) yet, though, granted |
Dismissal | It remains unclear which of these hypotheses is correct. , it can be inferred that … | regardless, either way, whatever the case, in any/either event, in any/either case, at any rate, all the same |
Emphasis | The chemical is generally thought to have corrosive properties. , several studies have supported this hypothesis. | above all, indeed, more/most importantly |
Replacement | The character of Godfrey is often viewed as selfish, self-absorbed. | (or) at least, (or) rather, instead, or (perhaps) even, if not |
Causal transition words
Causal transition words are used to describe cause and effect. They can be used to express purpose, consequence, and condition.
Function | Example sentence | Transition words and phrases |
---|---|---|
Consequence | Hitler failed to respond to the British ultimatum, France and the UK declared war on Germany. | therefore, because (of ), as a result (of ), for this reason, in view of , as, owing to x, due to (the fact that), since, consequently, in consequence, as a consequence, hence, thus, so (that), accordingly, so much (so) that, under the/such circumstances, if so |
Condition | We qualified survey responses as positive the participant selected “agree” or “strongly agree.” , results were recorded as negative. | (even/only) if/when, on (the) condition that, in the case that, granted (that), provided/providing that, in case, in the event that, as/so long as, unless, given that, being that, inasmuch/insofar as, in that case, in (all) other cases, if so/not, otherwise |
Purpose | We used accurate recording equipment our results would be as precise as possible. | to, in order to/that, for the purpose of, in the hope that, so that, to the end that, lest, with this in mind, so as to, so that, to ensure (that) |
Sequential transition words
Sequential transition words indicate a sequence, whether it’s the order in which events occurred chronologically or the order you’re presenting them in your text. They can be used for signposting in academic texts.
Function | Example sentence | Transition words and phrases |
---|---|---|
Enumeration | This has historically had several consequences: , the conflict is not given the weight of other conflicts in historical narratives. , its causes are inadequately understood. , … | first, second, third… |
Initiation | , I want to consider the role played by women in this period. | in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, at first |
Continuation | , I discuss the way in which the country’s various ethnic minorities were affected by the conflict. | subsequently, previously, eventually, next, before , afterwards, after , then |
Conclusion | , I consider these two themes in combination. | to conclude (with), as a final point, eventually, at last, last but not least, finally, lastly |
Resumption | my main argument, it is clear that … | to return/returning to , to resume, at any rate |
Summation | Patel (2015) comes to a similar conclusion. , the four studies considered here suggest a consensus that the solution is effective. | as previously stated/mentioned, in summary, as I have argued, overall, as has been mentioned, to summarize, briefly, given these points, in view of , as has been noted, in conclusion, in sum, altogether, in short |
Transition words are often used incorrectly. Make sure you understand the proper usage of transition words and phrases, and remember that words with similar meanings don’t necessarily work the same way grammatically.
Misused transition words can make your writing unclear or illogical. Your audience will be easily lost if you misrepresent the connections between your sentences and ideas.
Confused use of therefore
“Therefore” and similar cause-and-effect words are used to state that something is the result of, or follows logically from, the previous. Make sure not to use these words in a way that implies illogical connections.
- We asked participants to rate their satisfaction with their work from 1 to 10. Therefore , the average satisfaction among participants was 7.5.
The use of “therefore” in this example is illogical: it suggests that the result of 7.5 follows logically from the question being asked, when in fact many other results were possible. To fix this, we simply remove the word “therefore.”
- We asked participants to rate their satisfaction with their work from 1 to 10. The average satisfaction among participants was 7.5.
Starting a sentence with also , and , or so
While the words “also,” “and,” and “so” are used in academic writing, they are considered too informal when used at the start of a sentence.
- Also , a second round of testing was carried out.
To fix this issue, we can either move the transition word to a different point in the sentence or use a more formal alternative.
- A second round of testing was also carried out.
- Additionally , a second round of testing was carried out.
Transition words creating sentence fragments
Words like “although” and “because” are called subordinating conjunctions . This means that they introduce clauses which cannot stand on their own. A clause introduced by one of these words should always follow or be followed by another clause in the same sentence.
The second sentence in this example is a fragment, because it consists only of the “although” clause.
- Smith (2015) argues that the period should be reassessed. Although other researchers disagree.
We can fix this in two different ways. One option is to combine the two sentences into one using a comma. The other option is to use a different transition word that does not create this problem, like “however.”
- Smith (2015) argues that the period should be reassessed, although other researchers disagree.
- Smith (2015) argues that the period should be reassessed. However , other researchers disagree.
And vs. as well as
Students often use the phrase “ as well as ” in place of “and,” but its usage is slightly different. Using “and” suggests that the things you’re listing are of equal importance, while “as well as” introduces additional information that is less important.
- Chapter 1 discusses some background information on Woolf, as well as presenting my analysis of To the Lighthouse .
In this example, the analysis is more important than the background information. To fix this mistake, we can use “and,” or we can change the order of the sentence so that the most important information comes first. Note that we add a comma before “as well as” but not before “and.”
- Chapter 1 discusses some background information on Woolf and presents my analysis of To the Lighthouse .
- Chapter 1 presents my analysis of To the Lighthouse , as well as discussing some background information on Woolf.
Note that in fixed phrases like “both x and y ,” you must use “and,” not “as well as.”
- Both my results as well as my interpretations are presented below.
- Both my results and my interpretations are presented below.
Use of and/or
The combination of transition words “and/or” should generally be avoided in academic writing. It makes your text look messy and is usually unnecessary to your meaning.
First consider whether you really do mean “and/or” and not just “and” or “or.” If you are certain that you need both, it’s best to separate them to make your meaning as clear as possible.
- Participants were asked whether they used the bus and/or the train.
- Participants were asked whether they used the bus, the train, or both.
Archaic transition words
Words like “hereby,” “therewith,” and most others formed by the combination of “here,” “there,” or “where” with a preposition are typically avoided in modern academic writing. Using them makes your writing feel old-fashioned and strained and can sometimes obscure your meaning.
- Poverty is best understood as a disease. Hereby , we not only see that it is hereditary, but acknowledge its devastating effects on a person’s health.
These words should usually be replaced with a more explicit phrasing expressing how the current statement relates to the preceding one.
- Poverty is best understood as a disease. Understanding it as such , we not only see that it is hereditary, but also acknowledge its devastating effects on a person’s health.
Using a paraphrasing tool for clear writing
With the use of certain tools, you can make your writing clear. One of these tools is a paraphrasing tool . One thing the tool does is help your sentences make more sense. It has different modes where it checks how your text can be improved. For example, automatically adding transition words where needed.
If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or writing rules make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!
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Thirty Transition Words for Essays
- 3-minute read
- 10th August 2023
When writing an essay, you may know the main ideas and points you’re going to cover, but connecting them into a smooth, flowing piece of text that’s easy for readers to follow can seem like a challenge.
Enter transition words . These words work like bridges between sentences and paragraphs so there are no jumps or choppy parts of your writing. Which transition words are appropriate for formal writing, and how do you choose the right ones for the connections you need to make? Check out our guide below.
Comparing or Contrast
If you want to introduce an idea in comparison to another, here are some transition words you can use:
If you want to add information or an extra point to an established one, try these transition words:
Proving or Causing
If you want to establish that one concept is the reason for another or serves as proof of an idea, some suitable transition words to use are:
Showing Sequence
Whether you’re establishing literal timing or just organizing your points into a sequence, use these transition words:
Emphasizing
If you want to emphasize or repeat a point, these transition words work well:
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Summarizing
If you want to lead into a conclusion or summary of an idea, here are some transition words you can use:
Tips for Using Transition Words in Essays
While transition words can be very useful in essays, you should keep a few things in mind. When using transition words or phrases, make sure that you:
Understand Their Meaning
Each transition word or phrase has a slightly (or vastly) different meaning than the next, so don’t view them as words that you can use interchangeably. Make sure you understand a word’s exact meaning and that it aligns with the connection you’re trying to make.
Don’t Overuse Them
Use transition words sparingly. Littering your paper with transitions can make your readers feel like you’re overexplaining concepts, and it adds unnecessary wordiness.
Don’t Start Sentences With Informal Transitions
Although starting a sentence with and or but is more acceptable than we may have once learned in elementary school, it’s still considered informal . You should avoid starting a sentence with informal transition words like and , but , or , so , and also , swapping them for more formal terms that have the same effect.
There are loads of transition words that you can use to help you connect ideas in your essay. We hope this post gave you some ideas. And once you finish a draft, send a copy our way. We can make sure you use transition words correctly as well as check your writing for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and more. Try it out for free today.
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How To Write An Essay
Transition Words For Essays
Transition Words for Essays - An Ultimate List
12 min read
Published on: Jan 1, 2021
Last updated on: Jul 23, 2024
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Are you tired of reading essays that feel disjointed and difficult to follow? Do you find yourself struggling to connect your ideas smoothly and effectively?
If so, then you're in luck, because today we're going to take a closer look at the magic of transition words.
In this blog, we'll cover different types of transition words and their precise usage, and how they can elevate your writing. By the end, you'll have the tools to captivate your readers and leave a lasting impression.
Let's dive in!
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What are Transition Words?
Transition words are linking words used to connect sentences and ideas in the content. They help the audience move from one idea to another, building a coherent relationship within the document.
When writing an essay , it is essential to make sure that the information provided is readable and understandable by the readers. For this purpose, explicit language, transition words, and phrases are used.
Moreover, these words set a base for the idea that is going to be discussed next.
Transition words can either make or break the entire essay. It is mandatory to keep in view that not every sentence in your essay needs a transitional phrase.
Types of Transitions
Generally, there are three types of transitions that are used while drafting a piece of document. Depending on the length, complexity, and kind of text, transitions can take the following form:
- Transition Between Sections - When your document is lengthy, transition paragraphs are used to summarize a particular section for the readers. In addition to this, it also links the information that is to be shared next.
For example:
"In the following section..." "Moving on to..." "Now, let's explore..." "Turning our attention to..." "To delve deeper, we will now examine..."
- Transition Between Paragraphs - The transition between paragraphs is when you logically connect the two paragraphs. This connection summarizes the paragraphâs primary concern and links it to the next idea of the other paragraph.
"Furthermore..." "On the other hand..." "Similarly..." "In contrast..." "Moreover..." "Additionally..." "In addition to..." "Conversely..." "Likewise..." "In a similar vein...
- Transition Within Paragraphs - They act as cues for the readers to prepare them for what is coming next. They are usually single words or small phrases.
"For instance..." "In particular..." "To illustrate..." "Additionally..." "Moreover..." "Furthermore..." "On the contrary..." "However..." "In contrast..." "In other words..."
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Types of Transition Words
Here's a table showcasing different types of transition words and their corresponding functions:
Furthermore, Moreover, Additionally, In addition to | Adds information or ideas | |
However, On the other hand, In contrast, Conversely | Shows a difference or contradiction | |
Similarly, Likewise, In the same way, Just as | Draws a parallel or similarity between ideas | |
Consequently, Therefore, As a result, Thus | Indicates a cause-and-effect relationship | |
Firstly, Next, Meanwhile, Subsequently | Orders ideas chronologically or in a sequence | |
For example, For instance, To illustrate, Specifically | Provides specific examples or illustrations | |
Indeed, Certainly, Without a doubt, Undoubtedly | Highlights or reinforces a particular point or idea | |
In conclusion, Overall, To summarize, All in all | Summarizes the main points or ideas | |
Namely, That is to say, In other words, Specifically | Provides further clarification or explanation | |
Consequently, Accordingly, Hence, Thus | Shows the outcome or result of a previous statement or action |
Transition Words For Different Types of Essays
Transitional words depend on the relationship you want to convey to the audience about the ideas and paragraphs. Below is a list of words and phrases that can be used to link different sentences, paragraphs, and sections.
Identify which transition expression you want to share for your logical relationship.
Transition Words for Argumentative Essay
- In the same way
- Equally important
- Furthermore
- Comparatively
- Additionally
- In addition
- Not only...but also
Transition Words for Compare and Contrast Essay
- In contrast
- Different from
- On the contrary
- In spite of
Transition Words for Informative Essay
- Provided that
- With this in mind
- For the purpose of
- In the hope that
- In order to
- With this intention
Transition Words for College Essays
- In other words
- By all means
- To demonstrate
- As in illustration
- To put it another way
Transition Words for Cause and Effect Essay
- As a result
- For this reason
- Because the
- Under those circumstances
- Accordingly
- Consequently
Transition Words for Expository Essay
- Not long after that
- Specifically
- To begin with
- Without doubt
- Undoubtedly
- Due to circumstances
- In similar fashion
Transition Words for Different Parts of Essay
Here's a table listing transition words for different parts of an essay:
Starting a Paragraph | Firstly, To begin with, Initially, In the first place |
First Body Paragraph | Firstly, To start, To begin with, Initially |
Second Body Paragraph | Secondly, Next, Additionally, Furthermore |
Third Body Paragraph | Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, Another key point |
Last Body Paragraph | Lastly, Overall, Ultimately, As a final point |
In conclusion, To summarize, Overall, Wrapping it up |
How Transitions work
Transitions work by creating a bridge between ideas, sentences, paragraphs, or sections in your essay. They help to establish logical connections and guide the reader through the flow of your writing.
Here's how transitions work:
- Coherence : Transitions create smooth connections between ideas, ensuring a coherent flow in your writing.
- Signal Relationships: Transitions clarify how ideas are related, such as cause and effect, comparison, contrast, or sequence.
- Guide the Reader: It acts as signpost, guiding readers through your essay and indicating the direction of your thoughts.
- Enhance Clarity: Transitions improve clarity by organizing ideas and helping readers understand logical progression.
- Improve Flow: It ensures a seamless flow between sentences, paragraphs, and sections, preventing choppiness.
- Emphasize Key Points: Transitions can be used strategically to highlight important ideas and make them more impactful.
Let's consider an example:
|
In the above example, transitions like " one such source " connect the idea of solar power to renewable energy sources. " Similarly " then introduces the concept of wind power, creating a logical progression. These transitions help readers follow the flow of ideas and understand the relationships between different energy sources.
Tips to Use Transition Words in your Essay
Here are some tips to effectively use transition words in your essay:
- Understand the Purpose: Familiarize yourself with the different types and functions of transition words, phrases, or sentences. Recognize how they connect ideas, provide structure, and indicate relationships between different parts of your essay.
- Plan your Essay Structure: Before you start writing, outline the main sections, paragraphs, and points you want to cover. Consider where transition words can be used to improve the flow and coherence of your essay.
- Use Transition Words Appropriately: Ensure that the transition word you choose accurately reflects the relationship between ideas. Don't force a transition where it doesn't fit naturally.
- Vary Transition Words: Avoid repetitive or excessive use of the same transition word throughout your essay. Use a variety of transition words to maintain reader interest and enhance overall readability.
- Pay Attention to Placement: Place transition words at the beginning, middle, or end of sentences, depending on the desired effect. Consider the logical flow of your ideas and choose the appropriate placement for each transition word.
- Use Transitional Phrases: Instead of using single transition words, consider incorporating transitional phrases or clauses. These can provide more context and clarity, strengthening the connection between ideas.
- Revise and Edit: After completing your essay, review it for the effectiveness and smoothness of transitions. Ensure that they serve their purpose in guiding the reader and enhancing the overall coherence of your writing.
- Seek Feedback: Share your essay with others and ask for feedback, specifically on the use of transition words. Others' perspectives can help you identify any areas that need improvement or where transitions could be strengthened.
To sum it up! While mastering transition words may require time and practice, it is a skill well worth developing. These words are crucial for creating coherence and flow in your essays. Throughout this blog, we have explored various transition words and phrases that can greatly enhance your writing.
Remember, practice makes perfect, so don't hesitate to apply these newfound skills in your future essays. You can utilize an AI essay writer to enhance and refine your writing skills.
If you still need assistance or have further inquiries, our team at CollegeEssay.org is available to provide legit essay writing service .
Contact us today, and let us be a part of your journey toward academic excellence!
Barbara P (Literature, Marketing)
Barbara is a highly educated and qualified author with a Ph.D. in public health from an Ivy League university. She has spent a significant amount of time working in the medical field, conducting a thorough study on a variety of health issues. Her work has been published in several major publications.
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Essay Writing Guide
Transition Words For Essays
Last updated on: Jun 28, 2024
220 Best Transition Words for Essays
By: Nova A.
15 min read
Reviewed By: Jacklyn H.
Published on: Jul 9, 2019
Writing essays can be hard, and making sure your transitions are smooth is even harder.
You've probably heard that good essays need good transitions, but what are they? How do you use them in your writing? Also, your essays are assessed according to particular criteria and it is your responsibility to ensure that it is being met.
But don't worry, we are here to help. This blog will give you transition words for essays, including how to choose the right ones and where to place them for maximum impact. Essay writing is a technical process that requires much more effort than simply pouring your thoughts on paper.
If you are new to the concept of transition words and phrases, deep dive into this article in order to find out the secret to improving your essays.
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What Are Transition Words
Transition words are essential elements in essay writing that create smooth transitions between ideas.
Think of a transition as a conjunction or a joining word. It helps create strong relationships between ideas, paragraphs, or sentences and assists the readers to understand the word phrases and sentences easily.
As writers, our goal is to communicate our thoughts and ideas in the most clear and logical manner. Especially when presenting complex ideas, we must ensure that they are being conveyed in the most understandable way.
To ensure that your paper is easy to understand, you can work on the sequencing of ideas. Break down your ideas into different sentences and paragraphs then use a transition word or phrase to guide them through these ideas.
Why Should You Use Transitions
The purpose of transition words goes beyond just connectivity. They create a cohesive narrative , allowing your ideas to flow seamlessly from one point to another. These words and phrases act as signposts and indicate relationships.
These relations could include:
- Cause and Effect
- Comparison and Contrast
- Addition and Emphasis
- Sequence and Order
- Illustration and Example
- Concession and Contradiction
- Summary and Conclusion
They form a bridge and tie sentences together, creating a logical connection. In addition to tying the entire paper together, they help demonstrate the writer’s agreement, disagreement, conclusion, or contrast.
However, keep in mind that just using or including transitional words isn’t enough to highlight relationships between ideas. The content of your paragraphs must support the relationship as well. So, you should avoid overusing them in a paper.
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Types of Transitions
Transitions in essays can be classified into different types based on the relationships they indicate between ideas. Each type serves a specific purpose in guiding readers through your arguments.
Let's explore some common types of transitions and their examples:
Additive Transitions
These transitions are used to add information or ideas. They help you expand on your points or provide additional supporting evidence. Examples:
- In addition
- Furthermore
- Additionally
- Not only... but also
- Coupled with
Adversative Transitions
Adversative transitions show contrast or contradiction between ideas. They are used to present opposing viewpoints or highlight differences. Examples:
- Nevertheless
- On the other hand
- In contrast
Causal Transitions
Causal transitions explain cause-and-effect relationships. They help you establish the reasons behind certain outcomes or actions. Examples:
- As a result
- Consequently
- Resulting in
- For this reason
Sequential Transitions
Sequential transitions indicate the order or sequence of events or ideas. They help you present your thoughts in a logical and organized manner. Examples:
- Subsequently
- In the meantime
- Simultaneously
Comparative Transitions
Comparative transitions highlight similarities or comparisons between ideas. They help you draw connections and illustrate relationships. Here are some transition words for essays examples:
- In the same way
- Compared to
- In comparison
- Correspondingly
- By the same token
- Equally important
- Analogous to
Getting started on your essay? Check out this insightful read on essay writing to make sure you ace it!
List of Good Transition Words for Essays
As mentioned above, there are different categories of transitions that serve a unique purpose. Understanding these different types will help you pick the most suitable word or phrase to communicate your message.
Here we have categorized the best transition words for essays so you can use them appropriately!
Transition Words for Argumentative Essays
In argumentative essays , the effective use of transition words is essential for presenting a well-structured and coherent argument.
To begin with | To show | By contrast | One alternative is |
Chiefly | Mainly | To put it more simply | At the same time |
On the contrary | Even if ‘A’ is true | Afterall | With this in mind |
All things considered | As a result | To clarify | Generally speaking |
Another way to view this | That is to say | Yet another | Another possibility is |
Transition Words for Compare and Contrast Essays
In compare and contrast essays , transition words play a crucial role in highlighting the similarities and differences between the subjects being compared.
Here are a few transition words that are particularly useful in compare and contrast essays:
Despite | In contrast | Nevertheless | On the contrary |
On the other hand | Otherwise | As an illustration | That is |
Conversely | In spite of | Similarly | At the same time |
Likewise | Still | In a similar fashion | Equally |
Also | Yet | But | Simultaneously |
Transition Words for Cause and Effect Essays
In cause and effect essays , transition words help illustrate the relationships between causes and their corresponding effects.
Here are a few transition words that are particularly useful in cause-and-effect essays:
As a result | Under those circumstances | Thus | In effect |
For this reason | Thereupon | Henceforth | Accordingly |
Consequently | Because | Since | Otherwise |
Due to | So | As a | Hence |
In order to | If…then | For | Afterward |
Transition Words for Different Parts of Essays
Transition words are valuable tools that can be used throughout different parts of an essay to create a smooth and coherent flow. By understanding the appropriate transition words for each section, you can logically connect your ideas.
Introduction Transition Words for Essays
Introductions are one of the most impactful parts of the essay. It's important that it connects logically with the rest of the essay. To do this, you can utilize different transition words for essays to start. Here are some starting transition words for essays:
Generally speaking | In the first place | To begin with | To be sure |
Assuredly | Earlier | First of all | The next step |
As you can see | For now | In time | Once and for all |
First... second... third... | To put it differently | Foundationally | In addition |
Basically | Furthermore | Besides | In the meantime |
Transition Words for Essays Body Paragraph
In an essay, body paragraphs play a crucial role in presenting and developing your ideas. To ensure a logical flow within each body paragraph, the strategic use of transition words is essential.
Here are lists of transitions for essays for different body paragraphs:
Transition Words for Essays for First Body Paragraph
Here is a list of transition words that you can use for the first body paragraph of an essay:
Firstly | To start off | Primarily | Another important factor is |
To begin with | In the beginning | Above all | It is worth mentioning |
Initially | At the outset | Most importantly | An additional aspect to consider is |
In the first place | For a start | Essential to note | What's more |
First and foremost | As a first step | One key point is | Furthermore |
Transition Words for Essays Second Body Paragraph
Here is a list of transition words for the second body paragraph of an essay:
Additionally | Likewise | Furthermore, it is essential to consider | Correspondingly |
Moreover | Similarly | Moreover, it should be noted that | In the same way |
Furthermore | Equally important | In a similar vein | As well as |
In addition to | Another key point is | Alongside this | Similarly, it can be argued that |
Besides | Not only... but also | Coupled with this | Furthermore, evidence suggests |
Transition Words for Essays Third Body Paragraph
Another significant point is | Likewise | Moreover, it should be highlighted that |
Notably | Correspondingly | Furthermore, it is crucial to consider |
Besides | Equally important | Alongside this |
Furthermore, it is important to note | Furthermore, evidence supports | In a similar fashion |
Similarly | Additionally, research shows | Lastly, it is worth noting |
Transition Words for Essays Last Body Paragraph
In light of this | Coupled with this insight | Furthermore, it is imperative to address | As an extension of this |
Building upon that | Adding to the discussion | Another notable factor is | Digging deeper into the topic |
Moreover, it is crucial to mention | Expanding on this idea | In a related vein | In a similar line of thought |
In a similar fashion | Taking a step further | Similarly, it is worth considering | Elaborating on this concept |
Not to mention | Additionally, it is important to highlight | In the same breath | Correspondingly, it is crucial to explore |
Transition Words for Essays Conclusion
Here is a list of ending transition words for essays:
All things considered | Given these points | In summary | To summarize |
In short | Briefly | After all | That is to say |
Finally | All in all | In the final analysis | As previously stated |
In essence | Ultimately | To sum up | On the whole |
By and large | Overall | Everything considered | Taking everything into account |
Do’s and Don’ts of Using Essay Transitions
When it comes to using transitions in your essay, there are certain do's and don'ts that can help you effectively enhance the flow of your writing. Here are some key guidelines to keep in mind:
- Add transitions only when introducing new ideas.
- Go through the paper to make sure they make sense.
- Start by creating an outline, so you know what ideas to share and how.
- Use different transitions for each idea.
- Don’t overuse them.
- Don’t keep adding transitions in the same paragraph.
- Don’t completely rely on transitions to signal relationships.
- Don’t incorporate it into your content without understanding its usage.
By now, you have probably understood how transition words can save you from disjointed and directionless paragraphs. They are the missing piece that indicates how ideas are related to one another. You can also generate more essays with our AI powered essay writer to learn the art of transitioning smoothly from one paragraph to another.
If you are still unable to distinguish transitions to open or conclude your essays, don’t be upset - these things require time and practice.
If you are looking for the perfect essay-writing service, get in touch with the expert writers at 5StarEssays.com. We will include the right transitions according to the type of paper, ensuring a coherent flow of ideas.
Just say ‘ write my essay ’ now and let our essay writer create quality content at the most pocket-friendly rates available.
As a Digital Content Strategist, Nova Allison has eight years of experience in writing both technical and scientific content. With a focus on developing online content plans that engage audiences, Nova strives to write pieces that are not only informative but captivating as well.
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Your chance of acceptance, your chancing factors, extracurriculars, good transition words for essays.
Hey! I'm working on an essay right now, and I'm having trouble coming up with some good transition words to use. Could you guys give me some suggestions? I'd like to improve the overall flow of my writing. Thanks!
Hey! A smooth flow in your essay can make a significant difference, and using appropriate transition words is essential. Here's a list of some common transition words and phrases you can use, categorized by their purpose:
1. To Add Information:
- In addition
- Furthermore
- Alongside this
- Not only...but also
2. To Contrast or Show Difference:
- On the other hand
- In contrast
- Nonetheless
- Conversely
3. To Show Similarity or Comparison:
- Similarly
- In the same way
- By the same token
4. To Provide Examples:
- For example
- For instance
- To illustrate
- As an illustration
5. To Show Consequence or Result:
- As a result
- Consequently
- Therefore
- Accordingly
6. To Emphasize a Point:
- Obviously
- Particularly
- Most importantly
7. To Summarize or Conclude:
- In conclusion
- To sum up
- In summary
Remember to use these transition words naturally, and don't overuse them. Also, try combining some of them or using synonyms for variety. Good luck with your essay!
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A List of Transition Words to Use for Argumentative Essays
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Writing an argumentative essay requires a lot of effort aside from research. Besides grammar and structure, you definitely need to make sure your essay is coherent by using transitions.
Argumentative essay transition words allow you to wrap up a piece of evidence to support your main point and then move on to another. Keep reading for tips and an exhaustive list of transition words I put together for your argumentative essays.
What Is a Transition Word?
A transition word is critical to producing quality content. Also known as linking words, transition words make basic connections between sentences and paragraphs to show a relationship between ideas.
A strong transition is crucial when writing an essay. It’s not enough that you provide complete information about your main points and supporting details. You also have to make your argument attractive and logical by using transitions in your academic essay.
The absence of transition words will make your paper less readable and understandable. But too many transitions can also ruin your piece. Use them in moderation to avoid confusion about your document.
Function and Importance of Transitions
The goal of transition words is to convey ideas clearly and concisely to your readers. If you’re writing an argumentative paper, you want to make logical connections in your document to prove your central point.
Transitional phrases and words help you produce a logical flow from one sentence or paragraph to another. In other words, they introduce what the following information will be. Some transitions come in single words, while others come in complete phrases and sentences.
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There are many categories of transitions, including those that present counterarguments and others that build on your arguments. Be careful about using the wrong transition. Otherwise, you won’t achieve your goal of clarity and conciseness. Consider these examples.
- “ For instance , an anonymous TikTok user reports having a shorter attention span because of its over-swiping feature.” (In this sentence, for instance is used to provide an example).
- “ Here’s an exception to my previous point. ” (This entire sentence is a transition, showing a logical connection between the previous and following sentences).
Transition can also be a sentence to a paragraph long. I’ll show you an example.
Paragraph A: A point that supports co-sleeping as a parenting method.
Transition: Despite this, there are many reasons that prove co-sleeping leads to sleep-related accidents.
Paragraph B: Points that oppose co-sleeping.
Types of Transition Words
There are several types of transitions you can use for making high-quality essays.
Transition Between Paragraphs
A type of transition required for a well-written essay is one you can find between paragraphs. Once you’ve arranged each paragraph according to your outline, it’s important to start each with an effective transition. This word or phrase is usually present in the topic sentence of the body.
Some examples include however, similarly, and for example. But these transition expressions cannot be a single sentence long. The initial sentence of every paragraph should be clear and substantial instead of simply connecting ideas.
Transition Within Paragraphs
Creating a powerful transition within every paragraph of your academic papers avoids choppy sentences. It provides a sense of connection between complex ideas to help readers anticipate what is coming.
These are usually single words or short phrases like in addition, since, and if.
Transition Between Sections
The last type of transition phrases and sentences are those between sections. You’ll find them all over the entire paper to summarize the information. They can be restatements of arguments or a short closing sentence to ensure the flow of ideas.
What Is an Argumentative Essay?
It’s a type of essay that requires you to research a subject matter and establish a position for or against it.
Aside from researching and evaluating evidence, showing a relationship between sentences and sections is essential when writing a paper. This will allow you to wrap up an idea and then start another. You must cite different sources to support your point of view, then show counterarguments.
The entire essay should include an introduction, a conclusion, and at least three body paragraphs.
How Do You Start an Argumentative Essay?
Every type of paper starts with an introduction, which usually includes a hook, background, and thesis statement.
The common essay introduction piques the reader’s interest through a surprising statistic or an interesting question. Provide readers with a background of your entire content piece, then state your main argument in a clear sentence.
Transition expressions are not yet essential in this stage of essay writing. Focus on setting up your point and discussing how you will argue it throughout the paper.
Common Transitions for Argumentative Essay Writing
Take a look at this list of transitional words and phrases commonly used to make strong arguments.
- Additionally
- In addition
- Not only… but also
- In the same way
- Comparatively
- Furthermore
- Equally important
Counterargument Transition Words
Here’s a transition word list for essays showing different sides of an argument.
- While it is true that
- Nevertheless
- Despite this
- On the other hand
- Be that as it may
- Even though
- Although this may be true
Transition Words and Phrases for Comparing and Contrasting
Here’s a breakdown of transition words and phrases you can use when comparing and contrasting.
- In spite of
- On the contrary
- Different from
- In contrast
Transition Words to Include in Your College Essay
Here are some examples of transition words you can use when applying for college admission or scholarship.
- To put it in another way
- To demonstrate
- As an illustration
- By all means
- In other words
Transition Words for Cause and Effect
Consider this transition word list when showing cause and effect.
- As a result
- For this reason
- Consequently
- Accordingly
- Under those circumstances
- Because the
Transition Words for Essay Paragraphs
- At the present time
- In due time
- To begin with
- All of a sudden
- Immediately
- In a moment
Transitions to Emphasize a Point
- Most of all
- The main problem/issue is
- Without question
- More importantly
- Most important of all
Transition Words for Additional Support or Evidence
Transition words for sequence or order, transition words for space or place.
- In the middle of
- In the distance
- In the background
- Here and there
- On the side
To Cite a Source or Paraphrase
- According to
- This means that
- Put it more simply
Transition Words to Begin a Body Paragraph
- What is more
- Beyond that
Transition Words to Introduce Details
- For example
- As an example
- For instance
- A case in point
- Specifically
- In particular
- More specifically
Transition Words for Conclusion
- As can be seen
- By and large
- On the whole
- To summarize
- In the final analysis
- Generally speaking
More Transition Words
- With this intention
- In order to
- In the hope that
- With this in mind
- For the purpose of
- Provided that
Tips for Using Argumentative Essay Transitions
Follow these tips to improve your use of transitions in your essay.
Know What the Transitions Mean
Non-native speakers may need help knowing the meaning of every transition expression, so research every term before using it.
There are also many categories of transition words. You can use them to summarize points, show contradictions, express sequence, or begin a paragraph.
Start Your Essay with an Outline
Writing an outline will make it easier to map your ideas and move them around. This strategy will help you transition between paragraphs.
Don’t Overuse Transitions
The last mistake you shouldn’t make is overuse. Instead of making connections between sentences, you’ll make your paper more difficult to read. It creates more incoherence and distraction in your writing, contradicting its intended purpose in your paper.
Use Transition Words Properly
Now you know how to use transition words and phrases for your argumentative essay through this guide and list. These expressions will help you produce a coherent relationship between every idea.
Mastering transitions for your essay may not be a piece of cake, but practice makes perfect. Don’t forget to revise and proofread your argumentative before submitting it to your professor.
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33 Transition Words and Phrases
Transitional terms give writers the opportunity to prepare readers for a new idea, connecting the previous sentence to the next one.
Many transitional words are nearly synonymous: words that broadly indicate that “this follows logically from the preceding” include accordingly, therefore, and consequently . Words that mean “in addition to” include moreover, besides, and further . Words that mean “contrary to what was just stated” include however, nevertheless , and nonetheless .
as a result : THEREFORE : CONSEQUENTLY
The executive’s flight was delayed and they accordingly arrived late.
in or by way of addition : FURTHERMORE
The mountain has many marked hiking trails; additionally, there are several unmarked trails that lead to the summit.
at a later or succeeding time : SUBSEQUENTLY, THEREAFTER
Afterward, she got a promotion.
even though : ALTHOUGH
She appeared as a guest star on the show, albeit briefly.
in spite of the fact that : even though —used when making a statement that differs from or contrasts with a statement you have just made
They are good friends, although they don't see each other very often.
in addition to what has been said : MOREOVER, FURTHERMORE
I can't go, and besides, I wouldn't go if I could.
as a result : in view of the foregoing : ACCORDINGLY
The words are often confused and are consequently misused.
in a contrasting or opposite way —used to introduce a statement that contrasts with a previous statement or presents a differing interpretation or possibility
Large objects appear to be closer. Conversely, small objects seem farther away.
used to introduce a statement that is somehow different from what has just been said
These problems are not as bad as they were. Even so, there is much more work to be done.
used as a stronger way to say "though" or "although"
I'm planning to go even though it may rain.
in addition : MOREOVER
I had some money to invest, and, further, I realized that the risk was small.
in addition to what precedes : BESIDES —used to introduce a statement that supports or adds to a previous statement
These findings seem plausible. Furthermore, several studies have confirmed them.
because of a preceding fact or premise : for this reason : THEREFORE
He was a newcomer and hence had no close friends here.
from this point on : starting now
She announced that henceforth she would be running the company.
in spite of that : on the other hand —used when you are saying something that is different from or contrasts with a previous statement
I'd like to go; however, I'd better not.
as something more : BESIDES —used for adding information to a statement
The city has the largest population in the country and in addition is a major shipping port.
all things considered : as a matter of fact —used when making a statement that adds to or strengthens a previous statement
He likes to have things his own way; indeed, he can be very stubborn.
for fear that —often used after an expression denoting fear or apprehension
He was concerned lest anyone think that he was guilty.
in addition : ALSO —often used to introduce a statement that adds to and is related to a previous statement
She is an acclaimed painter who is likewise a sculptor.
at or during the same time : in the meantime
You can set the table. Meanwhile, I'll start making dinner.
BESIDES, FURTHER : in addition to what has been said —used to introduce a statement that supports or adds to a previous statement
It probably wouldn't work. Moreover, it would be very expensive to try it.
in spite of that : HOWEVER
It was a predictable, but nevertheless funny, story.
in spite of what has just been said : NEVERTHELESS
The hike was difficult, but fun nonetheless.
without being prevented by (something) : despite—used to say that something happens or is true even though there is something that might prevent it from happening or being true
Notwithstanding their youth and inexperience, the team won the championship.
if not : or else
Finish your dinner. Otherwise, you won't get any dessert.
more correctly speaking —used to introduce a statement that corrects what you have just said
We can take the car, or rather, the van.
in spite of that —used to say that something happens or is true even though there is something that might prevent it from happening or being true
I tried again and still I failed.
by that : by that means
He signed the contract, thereby forfeiting his right to the property.
for that reason : because of that
This tablet is thin and light and therefore very convenient to carry around.
immediately after that
The committee reviewed the documents and thereupon decided to accept the proposal.
because of this or that : HENCE, CONSEQUENTLY
This detergent is highly concentrated and thus you will need to dilute it.
while on the contrary —used to make a statement that describes how two people, groups, etc., are different
Some of these species have flourished, whereas others have struggled.
NEVERTHELESS, HOWEVER —used to introduce a statement that adds something to a previous statement and usually contrasts with it in some way
It was pouring rain out, yet his clothes didn’t seem very wet.
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Writing as a College Student
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Writing at the college level involves new expectations that may require new strategies. While specific genres of writing have distinct purposes, college writing helps you develop skills such as thinking critically, communicating professionally, and articulating yourself well. Although common writing expectations and strategies are listed below, always follow assignment guidelines and write with your audience in mind.
General College Writing Expectations
Writing as a college student can seem daunting, but drawing on your previous writing experience and relying on instructors and campus resources can help to ease the transition. Although writing assignments may differ, many have similar expectations to those listed below.
- Understand what the assignment is asking . Assignment guidelines can be confusing or lengthy, and reading carefully and slowly can help to make sense of them.
- Refer to assignment guidelines , rubrics, and class policies for questions about the assignment
- Learn the conventions of your discipline , including genre, audience, citation style, and AI policies. Notice the writing style used in your field, then practice using it in your assignments.
- Ask questions of instructors, writing center tutors, and librarians.
- Present clear, coherent ideas . Consider if a reader would understand what you intend to say.
- Maintain a professional tone appropriate for your audience and their needs.
- Improve writing mechanics , such as spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Writing mechanics can be complicated, but your skills can improve with practice.
- Read feedback on your assignments, and incorporate those suggestions into your future work.
Refining Your Writing Skills
Using effective strategies when approaching writing assignments can help you mitigate worries, strengthen writing skills, increase confidence, and improve writing efficiency.
- Start assignments early to ensure you have ample time to pace your work.
- Break projects into smaller, manageable tasks ; set reasonable and achievable goals.
- Organize your work by using consistent note-taking techniques, such as highlighting, color-coding, or annotating. Experiment with different ways to accomplish your writing assignments, and keep track of any requirements, deadlines, and rubrics.
- Join a study group to encourage accountability, collaborate with others, and receive support.
- Regulate your time and energy for writing. One part of an assignment may require more effort than another part. Allocate your energy mindfully to help make writing sessions more productive
- Set aside time for both writing and self-care . Scheduling time to work and take breaks can improve your writing capacity and save you time in the long run.
- Create an environment for your writing needs. Consider different times, locations, and comforts that work for you (e.g., morning, evening; library, bedroom; snacks, lighting).
- Approach writing assignments with a positive and confident attitude . Remember that college work is centered on continual learning, and the writing process will have ups and downs.
- Use campus resources and opportunities . Consult with peers, talk with instructors or advisors, explore library services (in-person and online), and attend university workshops.
Developing Your Writing Process
College writing assignments can be complex, and assignments can build on each other within a course. It may also involve in-depth academic research. Create and maintain a personal writing process to organize your writing, research, and personal time.
- Prewriting : Understand the assignment requirements and identify your audience and tone. Brainstorm potential topics to expand on when writing later.
- Outlining : Determine your main point for the writing assignment. Create sections with brief notes and develop your thoughts from prewriting.
- Drafting : Elaborate on your outline and form sentences or paragraphs. Write about your thoughts and arguments in detail. If needed, add sources by using quotations, paraphrases, and summaries.
- Revising : Read your draft and adjust it to clarify points and strengthen the argument.
- Editing : Check for spelling, grammar, and punctuation errors. Change the format according to a style guide, example, or template.
- Writing processes are cyclical and take time . The first draft is not your final draft. Steps such as drafting and revising often occur more than once.
- Read the assignment guidelines carefully, and ask your professor about research requirements such as the number and type of sources required (e.g., primary, popular, peer-reviewed, etc.).
- Adjust your research topic to fit the requirements of the assignment. Narrow or broaden your topic by considering timeframes, locations, demographics, and contemporary issues.
- Identify your audience and adapt to their level of familiarity with your topic. Determine whether terms and concepts need to be explained. Your audience determine your tone or style.
- Identify patterns of feedback you receive from instructors, peers, or writing consultants. Use that feedback (both positive and negative) to inform your future writing.
- Avoid plagiarism by tracking and citing sources using your assigned citation style.
- Contribute to a larger academic conversation by connecting your ideas to sources through summary, analysis, and synthesis.
- Use library resources such as the physical library, online academic databases, and library research tutorials to become familiar with your field of study and help you identify relevant, credible sources to incorporate in your writing.
- Chat with a research librarian or meet with a writing center consultant for help finding, reading, and writing with sources.
- Learn how AI can facilitate or frustrate your writing and learning processes . Understand AI policies and expectations as outlined by your instructor, department, and university. AI policies and expectations may vary by instructor or program.
- Know that strengthening your digital literacy , information literacy , and academic reading skills will help you develop as a college-level writer.
As a college writer, you will continually grow and improve. College is a learning environment. Getting support from others can ease anxiety and build your confidence as a writer. If you feel overwhelmed, remember that you are in college to learn, and faculty, peers and the Writing Center are here to help.
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Want to write a college essay that sets you apart? Three tips to give you a head start
1. Keep it real. It’s normal to want to make a good impression on the school of your choice, but it’s also important to show who you really are. So just be yourself! Compelling stories might not be perfectly linear or have a happy ending, and that’s OK. It’s best to be authentic instead of telling schools what you think they want to hear.
2. Be reflective . Think about how you’ve changed during high school. How have you grown and improved? What makes you feel ready for college, and how do you hope to contribute to the campus community and society at large?
3. Look to the future. Consider your reasons for attending college. What do you hope to gain from your education? What about college excites you the most, and what would you like to do after you graduate? Answering these questions will not only give colleges insight into the kind of student you’ll be, but it will also give you the personal insight you’ll need to choose the school that’s right for you.
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As a student or prospective student at CU Boulder, you have a right to certain information pertaining to financial aid programs, the Clery Act, crime and safety, graduation rates, athletics and other general information such as the costs associated with attending CU Boulder. To view this information visit colorado.edu/your-right-know .
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Highest Paying Trade Jobs – 2024
August 10, 2024
Many Americans accept the idea that a high-paying career and university education go hand in hand. While it’s largely true that college degrees are a major source of social mobility and financial well-being, it’s also true that many high-paying careers involve specialized skills that one needn’t get a bachelor’s degree to learn. Trade jobs offer meaningful and often high paid work without requiring a college education. This article surveys some of the highest-paying trade jobs, from commercial pilots to long-haul truck drivers. It also offers information on how to enter each profession, whether through vocational school, training, or certification.
The data is from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ Occupational Outlook Handbook concerning “postsecondary nondegree award” or trade jobs. A bit confusingly, the Bureau of Labor Statistics alternates between noting median and mean pay. This article lists jobs in the same order as they appear in the Occupation Outlook Handbook, noting whether the salary listed is the mean or median for each profession.
Highest Paying Trade Jobs 2024
1) commercial pilots.
Job Description: Pilots fly and navigate various kinds of aircraft, including airplanes and helicopters. While airline pilots fly passengers on schedules set by airlines, commercial pilots transport cargo or personnel for compensation. Commercial piloting tops the US Bureau of Labor Statistics’ list of high-salaried jobs requiring only nondegree certification.
Mean Pay: $138,010
Education Requirements: Commercial pilots must complete flight training and Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requirements.
2) Ship Engineers
Job Description: Ship engineers lead teams focused on maintaining the equipment on ships, including engines, boilers, and other equipment. Among water transportation workers, ship engineering tops the list of highest paid trade jobs.
Mean Pay: $100,550
Education Requirements: Coast Guard licensing and educational certifications in naval engineering or related fields from accredited maritime colleges and universities
3) Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers (Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay)
Job Description: The highest paid trade jobs involving electrical and electronics installation and repair are highly specialized. Topping the list are workers who inspect, test, and repair electrical equipment in generating stations and other heavy industrial settings.
Mean Pay: $92,840
Education Requirements: A high school diploma plus apprenticeship training, certification, or work experience for this highly compensated specialization.
4) First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers
Job Description: Supervisors of firefighting and fire prevention oversee and manage the activities of workers in these first-response fields. The role requires significant work experience in a field that can involve difficult schedules.
Mean Pay: $90,740
Education Requirements: Significant work experience, training, and certification.
Highest Paying Trade Jobs (Continued)
5) captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels.
Job Description: “Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels” encompasses all commanders of ships, including tugboats and ferryboats, but not motorboats. They can work in a variety of industries, from scenic to deep-sea transportation.
Mean Pay: $89,740
Education Requirements: Required to be licensed by U.S. Coast Guard.
6) Electrical and electronics installers and repairers (transportation equipment)
Job Description: The second of the highest paid trade jobs in electrical installation and repair involves equipment on trains and ships. Installers and repairers in these contexts work to maintain sound, sonar, security, navigation, and surveillance systems.
Mean Pay: $76,380
Education Requirements: A high school diploma plus apprenticeship training, certification, or work experience.
7) Aircraft mechanics and service technicians
Job Description: Aircraft and avionics equipment mechanics and technicians service various kinds of aircraft. Training in this field can come through an approved Federal Aviation Administration school, on the job, or through military service.
Median Pay: $75,400
Education Requirements: A high school diploma plus FAA trade school, work or military experience.
8) Insurance appraisers (auto damage)
Job Description: Auto insurance appraisers evaluate vehicle damage and establish repair costs for insurance purposes. In addition to having familiarity with cost estimates, they often seek agreements with repair shops on costs.
Median Pay: $75,020
Education Requirements: High school diploma and in some cases insurance-related work experience or education. Through trade school or work experience, they acquire expertise identifying and estimating auto repair costs.
9) Fire inspectors and investigators
Job Description: Inspectors look at buildings to identify fire-causing hazards and ensure compliance with local laws and ordinances. They also can investigate fires to determine causes, which can be legally and financially significant.
Median Pay: $71,420
Education Requirements: Beyond a high school diploma, work experience in firefighting and fire prevention is typically needed. Inspectors also usually receive either on-the-job-training or certification in inspection and investigation.
10) Electrical and electronics installers and repairers (commercial and industrial equipment)
Job Description: The third and final of the highest paid trade jobs in electrical repair involves commercial and industrial equipment. Specialized professionals in this trade work with industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas in spaces like factories, mills, and oil rigs.
Mean Pay: $69,810
11) Court reporters and simultaneous captioners
Job Description: As anyone who has watched a legal drama knows, court reporters write accurate transcripts at trials and other legal proceedings. Those same legal dramas aired on television usually come with captions, which are created by simultaneous captioners. In addition to television captions, simultaneous captioners create transcripts for conferences and business meetings. Though the roles are similar, they serve different records-keeping and accessibility functions.
Median Pay: $63,940
Education Requirements: Education through community college or technical school programs, some on-the-job training, and often a state license or certification.
Highest Paying Trade Jobs (Continued)
12) computer numerically controlled tool programmers.
Job Description: A subcategory of machine workers, computer numerically controlled (CNC) tool programmers work with automatic machines, equipment, or systems. As the name implies, they are responsible for developing programs that govern these automata and their tasks. They might also install, set up, operate, and repair or maintain these tools.
Mean Pay: $67,650
Education Requirements: CNC tool programmers need a secondary school diploma, trade school or other nondegree education, and on-the-job training.
13) Lighting technicians
Job Description: Lighting technicians work on lighting and rigging equipment used for theatrical, film, television, and video productions, as well as photography. They do the physical, logistical work of set up, maintenance, and tear down. Further responsibilities include operating lighting tools, filters, and other accessories.
Mean Pay: $73,250
Education Requirements: Training and further education requirements for technicians working in broadcast, video, and live productions vary based on type of work.
14) Wind turbine service technicians
Job Description: Wind turbine technicians service the waving behemoths of renewable energy. Professionals in this trade must be comfortable working mostly outdoors and suppressing any fear of heights.
Median Pay: $61,770
Education Requirements: Trade school or other nondegree education is required for the occupation, which also involves on-the-job training.
15) Tool and die makers
Job Description: Tool and die makers create, service, and maintain equipment used by machinists and others in a range of industries. They must understand and realize specifications for making or assembling dies, cutting tools, jigs, fixtures, gauges, and hand tools.
Mean Pay: $62,020
Education Requirements: Tool and die makers need their diploma and often must complete postsecondary schooling. There are training opportunities through apprenticeships, trade schools, and community colleges.
16) Commercial divers
Job Description: Commercial divers can use scuba training and equipment to inspect, maintain, remove, and install equipment or structures. This can involve drilling, welding, and demolishing (sometimes using rigged explosives). Workers in this field might also be tasked with photographing equipment or marine life underwater.
Median Pay: $61,300
Education Requirements: Nondegree education and some on-the-job training are expected for this profession.
17) Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers (excluding line installers)
Job Description: Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers service phone, internet, and radio infrastructure and equipment. Internet routers and fiber optic lines are among the communications technologies that these trade professionals are trained to work with.
Median Pay: $62,350
Education Requirements: A high school diploma is required, and certification or an associate’s degree can be beneficial for entering this industry.
18) Surgical technologists
Job Description: Also called operating room technicians, surgical technologists assist with surgical operations. They manage, prepare, and arrange operating rooms and equipment, and provide support to doctors and other assistants.
Median Pay: $60,370
Education Requirements: Postsecondary nondegree certification or an associate’s degree are typically required for surgical technologists.
19) Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses
Job Description: Elsewhere I’ve broken down the highest paid nursing professions , where certified registered nurse anesthetists top the list. Licensed practical (LPN) and licensed vocational (LVN) nurses exemplify how nurses with far less schooling can have one of the highest paid trade jobs. These nurses provide basic medical care to ill patients or patients with disabilities. The two titles are synonymous and dependent on what each state calls these professionals.
Median Pay: $59,730
Education Requirements: LPNs and LVNs are licensed and must complete state training programs that take about one year.
20) Sound engineering technicians
Job Description: Sound engineering technicians apply their trades in theater, video, television, film, podcast, and sporting productions. They can be responsible for recording, mixing, editing, and playing instrumental music, speech and singing, and sound effects.
Mean Pay: $74,100
21) Surgical assistants
Job Description: Like surgical technologists, surgical assistants form part of the support team for surgical operations. Also called surgical first assistants, they assist the rest of the medical team in making incisions and closing surgical sites.
Education Requirements: Nondegree certification or an associate’s degree are typically required for surgical assistants.
22) Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers
Job Description: Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers service HVAC systems necessary for temperature and air quality control. Their job tasks can involve installing, inspecting, repairing, and monitoring various components of these systems.
Median Pay: $57,300
Education Requirements: Typically, nondegree training through trade schools or college programs is required. Licensing and significant on-the-job training are also to be expected.
23) Firefighters
Job Description: While supervisors of firefighters and fire prevention workers is near the top of this list, firefighters themselves are one of the highest paid trade jobs. Firefighters are first responders, trained to deal with a wide variety of emergencies and specialized in stopping fires.
Median Pay: $57,120
Education Requirements: Firefighters need a high school diploma and emergency service training. To become a firefighter, one must pass theoretical and practical or physical tests after training at a fire academy.
Highest Paying Trade Jobs: 24-25
24) massage therapists.
Job Description: Massage therapists work to relieve pain and stress for their clients. They do so through their training in the physical manipulation of human soft tissue and joints.
Median Pay: $55,310
Education Requirements: Many states require massage therapists to be licensed. Training can come through programs that emphasize both theoretical and practical study.
25) Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers
Job Description: Another transportation sector trade, heavy truck drivers move commercial and industrial goods cross-country. Many of these professionals are long-haul drivers, delivering across several states in the course of one journey.
Median Pay: $54,320
Education Requirements: A high school diploma, education at a professional truck driving school, and a commercial driver’s license are required.
Additional Resources — Highest Paying Trade Jobs
We hope you enjoyed our article on the best paid trade jobs. Of course, salary is only one consideration when exploring careers. The following articles may also be of interest.
- What is a Trade School?
- Best Trade School Jobs
- 15 Best Carpentry Schools
- 16 Best Welding Schools
- 20 Best X-Ray Tech Schools
- Best Careers for People With ADHD
- 10 Best Colleges Offering Online Associate’s Degrees
Tyler Talbott
Tyler holds a Bachelor of Arts in English from the University of Missouri and two Master of Arts degrees in English, one from the University of Maryland and another from Northwestern University. Currently, he is a PhD candidate in English at Northwestern University, where he also works as a graduate writing fellow.
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Accelerating Our Transition to Digital AP Exams
Trevor Packer
- July 25, 2024
Students and teachers work hard in AP ® courses and deserve the confidence that other students aren’t gaining an unfair advantage. Unfortunately, this year, we saw a rise in bad actors compromising AP Exam content for financial gain.
We were able to avoid large-scale cancellations only because none of the compromised material was distributed broadly. But we believe that paper AP testing will continue to be vulnerable to theft and cheating.
We are getting ahead of the issue by accelerating our transition to digital AP Exams. Starting in May 2025, we will discontinue standard paper testing for 28 AP Exams—these exams will move to the Bluebook ™ digital testing application. Digital exams are much more secure than shipping paper exams in boxes to thousands of locations weeks in advance.
In addition to ensuring exam security, digital exams have other advantages:
- Digital AP testing is streamlined: No more lengthy bubbling and labeling of paper materials before testing can start.
- Digital AP testing is accessible: Bluebook supports testing on commonly used devices and students can use their own or a school-issued device.
- Digital AP testing is student-friendly: Students like the Bluebook interface for the way it helps them focus on the relevant parts of longer reading passages; enables faster writing and editing compared to handwriting; and provides a less stressful testing experience.
Each exam will deliver a customized digital experience, allowing us to offer a course-specific hybrid digital testing approach for subjects that require graphing or symbolic notation.
Fully digital AP subjects for 2025—no paper testing option available except for students approved by College Board to receive a paper exam for digital assessments:
- AP African American Studies (U.S. schools only)
- AP Art History
- AP Comparative Government and Politics
- AP Computer Science A
- AP Computer Science Principles
- AP English Language and Composition
- AP English Literature and Composition
- AP Environmental Science
- AP European History
- AP Human Geography
- AP Psychology
- AP United States Government and Politics
- AP United States History
- AP World History: Modern
Hybrid digital AP subjects for 2025—students will view all of the exam questions in Bluebook but will answer free-response questions in a paper booklet as usual:
- AP Biology
- AP Calculus AB
- AP Calculus BC
- AP Chemistry
- AP Macroeconomics
- AP Microeconomics
- AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based
- AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based
- AP Physics: Electricity and Magnetism
- AP Physics: Mechanics
- AP Precalculus
- AP Statistics
The following subjects will remain unchanged for 2025, but will transition to Bluebook digital testing in the future:
- AP Chinese Language and Culture
- AP French Language and Culture
- AP German Language and Culture
- AP Italian Language and Culture
- AP Japanese Language and Culture
- AP Spanish Language and Culture
- AP Spanish Literature and Culture
- AP Music Theory
AP students will be able to access free online practice resources. Test previews will be available for all subjects on Bluebook later in the 2024-25 school year. Students will be able to access free online practice exams, quizzes, and other teacher-created assessments in AP Classroom.
Accelerating the digital transition will help us preserve the integrity of the AP Exam experience for students and educators. We understand that this is a significant change, and we will work closely with the AP community throughout the year to ensure that schools have the information and resources they need to prepare for digital AP Exams. College Board will provide schools with loaner devices and Wi-Fi supports as needed.
Visit AP Central for more information.
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U.S. Wins Olympic Soccer Gold Without Alex Morgan
Jake curtis | 17 hours ago.
- California Golden Bears
Controversy accompanied Emma Hayes’ decision to leave former Cal star and long-time American standout Alex Morgan off the U.S. women’s soccer team for the Olympics.
Well, apparently she made the correct choice.
The 35-year-old Morgan has scored 123 international goals, the most of any active American and the eighth-most of any woman in history. She was a member of the U.S. team for three World Cups and three Olympic Games, and her veteran leadership was considered a reason to keep her on the United States’ young, 18-player roster for the Olympics.
That leadership wasn’t needed. The Americans held their poise throughout the Olympic tournament, including the gold-medal game, when Mallory Swanson scored 12 minutes into the second half for the only goal of the match against Brazil. It was the U.S. women’s first Olympic gold medal since 2012, something Morgan was unable to do in the 2020 Olympics (bronze medal) and the 2016 Olympics, when the Americans lost in the quarterfinals to Sweden. Morgan scored the Americans’ only regular-time goal against the Swedes, but she failed to convert her attempt in the penalty-kick shootout.
Morgan showed her support with her tweets during Saturday’s gold-medal game
Alyssa Naeher you are out of this world! — Alex Morgan (@alexmorgan13) August 10, 2024
OOSA OOSA OOSA !!! — Alex Morgan (@alexmorgan13) August 10, 2024
Of course, the U.S. might have won the gold medal with Morgan on the roster. Maybe the Americans would have been even more dominant. But it's hard to argue with the result.
The shortcoming for Morgan in her bid to play in the 2024 Olympics was that she has not been the goal-scorer this year that she’s been in the past. And goal-scoring is what she does.
Morgan had been a member of the 23-player roster for U.S. Women’s National Team in every match in 2024 leading up to the naming of the Olympic roster and had been a starter in most of them. However, she scored just two goals this year, and one of those came on a penalty kick. Her last goal came in February in a 4-0 victory over Argentina in the Concacaf Gold Cup.
Morgan missed a month of action as the result of an April 19 ankle injury, but the bottom line is that she has not scored a single goal for the San Diego Wave, her National Women’s Soccer League team. That includes no goals for the Wave in its three games during the Summer Cup, which was held during the NWSL’s break for the Olympics.
Morgan led the NWSL with 15 goals in 17 games in 2022, and she had seven goals in 2023.
But none this year.
The question now is whether Morgan will be announcing her retirement soon. She is still a quality soccer athlete.
Follow Cal Sports Report on Twitter: @jakecurtis53
Find Cal Sports Report on Facebook by going to https://www.facebook.com/si.calsportsreport
JAKE CURTIS
Jake Curtis worked in the San Francisco Chronicle sports department for 27 years, covering virtually every sport, including numerous Final Fours, several college football national championship games, an NBA Finals, world championship boxing matches and a World Cup. He was a Cal beat writer for many of those years, and won awards for his feature stories.
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Where Tim Walz Stands on the Issues
As governor of Minnesota, he has enacted policies to secure abortion protections, provide free meals for schoolchildren, allow recreational marijuana and set renewable energy goals.
- Share full article
By Maggie Astor
- Aug. 6, 2024
Gov. Tim Walz of Minnesota, the newly announced running mate to Vice President Kamala Harris, has worked with his state’s Democratic-controlled Legislature to enact an ambitious agenda of liberal policies: free college tuition for low-income students, free meals for schoolchildren, legal recreational marijuana and protections for transgender people.
“You don’t win elections to bank political capital,” Mr. Walz wrote last year about his approach to governing. “You win elections to burn political capital and improve lives.”
Republicans have slammed these policies as big-government liberalism and accused Mr. Walz of taking a hard left turn since he represented a politically divided district in Congress years ago.
Here is an overview of where Mr. Walz stands on some key issues.
Mr. Walz signed a bill last year that guaranteed Minnesotans a “fundamental right to make autonomous decisions” about reproductive health care on issues such as abortion, contraception and fertility treatments.
Abortion was already protected by a Minnesota Supreme Court decision, but the new law guarded against a future court reversing that precedent as the U.S. Supreme Court did with Roe v. Wade, and Mr. Walz said this year that he was also open to an amendment to the state’s Constitution that would codify abortion rights.
Another bill he signed legally shields patients, and their medical providers, if they receive an abortion in Minnesota after traveling from a state where abortion is banned.
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Transition Words for College Essays. While this list will be a useful tool for all types of essay writing it will be particularly helpful when it comes to finding the right transition words for college essays. The goal of a college essay is to give a strong overall sense of its author in the tight space of 650 words. As you might imagine, it ...
Transitional words and phrases can create powerful links between ideas in your paper and can help your reader understand the logic of your paper. However, these words all have different meanings, nuances, and connotations. Before using a particular transitional word in your paper, be sure you understand its meaning and usage completely and be sure…
A transition between paragraphs can be a word or two (however, for example, similarly), a phrase, or a sentence. Transitions can be at the end of the first paragraph, at the beginning of the second paragraph, or in both places. Transitions within paragraphs: As with transitions between sections and paragraphs, transitions within paragraphs act ...
Transitions. Transitions help your readers move between ideas within a paragraph, between paragraphs, or between sections of your argument. When you are deciding how to transition from one idea to the next, your goal should be to help readers see how your ideas are connected—and how those ideas connect to the big picture.
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Some material adapted from Cal Poly Pomona College Reading Skills Program and "Power Tools for Technical Communication.". Writing Effective Sentence Transitions (Advanced) Transitions are the rhetorical tools that clarify the logic of your argument by orienting your reader as you develop ideas between sentences and paragraphs.
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These transitional words (like finally) have the function of limiting, restricting, and defining time. They can be used either alone or as part of adverbial expressions. at the present time. from time to time. sooner or later. at the same time. up to the present time. to begin with.
Clear transitions are crucial to clear writing: they connect different parts of your essay and structure your text. This video will walk you through the use ...
Comparing or Contrast. If you want to introduce an idea in comparison to another, here are some transition words you can use: However, later research shows…. Nevertheless, many people hesitate to…. On the contrary, a recent study reveals…. Conversely, the opposite effect happens when…. In contrast, the second group exhibited….
between parts of your essay that a reader will need in order to fully understand the points you are making. Effective transitions are achieved in two ways: by using transitional words and expressions, and by carefully repeating words, pronouns, phrases and parallel constructions. Some of the relationships that transitions can express are equality,
This blog lists transition words for all essay types, ensuring smooth transitions & improved readability. Order. Services ... A Guide to Writing a 1000 Word Essay for School or College ; All You Need to Know About a 500-word Essay ; Different Types of Essay: Definition With Best Examples ...
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Having strong transitions in your college essays is important to ensure a smooth reading experience and maintain the flow of your ideas. Here are some tips to help you improve your essay transitions: 1. Use transition words and phrases: Such as "however," "on the other hand," "moreover," "in addition," "likewise," "conversely," and "similarly."
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To summarize or conclude: - In conclusion. - In summary. - To recap. - All in all. - Ultimately. While incorporating these transitions into your essay, it's crucial to ensure that they fit naturally within the context and add clarity to your writing. Don't overdo it; use them sparingly to enhance your essay. Good luck with your application!
A smooth flow in your essay can make a significant difference, and using appropriate transition words is essential. Here's a list of some common transition words and phrases you can use, categorized by their purpose: 1. To Add Information: 2. To Contrast or Show Difference: 3. To Show Similarity or Comparison:
Transition can also be a sentence to a paragraph long. I'll show you an example. Paragraph A: A point that supports co-sleeping as a parenting method. Transition: Despite this, there are many reasons that prove co-sleeping leads to sleep-related accidents. Paragraph B: Points that oppose co-sleeping.
33 Transition Words and Phrases. 'Besides,' 'furthermore,' 'although,' and other words to help you jump from one idea to the next. Transitional terms give writers the opportunity to prepare readers for a new idea, connecting the previous sentence to the next one. Many transitional words are nearly synonymous: words that broadly indicate that ...
Writing as a college student can seem daunting, but drawing on your previous writing experience and relying on instructors and campus resources can help to ease the transition. Although writing assignments may differ, many have similar expectations to those listed below.
Writing the personal essay for your college application can be tough, but we're here to help. Sometimes the hardest part is just getting started, but the sooner you begin, the more time and thought you can put into an essay that stands out. Check out some tips: 1. Keep it real.
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Banks, a Mississippi native, spent the first portions of his college career with the South Alabama Jaguars, appearing in 45 games with 147 total tackles (91 solo), with 16.0 TFL, 2.5 sacks and ...
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Harvard College Writing Center 1 Transitions Transitions help your readers move between ideas within a paragraph, between paragraphs, or between sections of your argument. When you are deciding how to transition from one idea to the next, your goal should be to help readers see how your
If your class is writing essays of 600 words or longer, our unit Teach Narrative Writing With The New York Times links to dozens of free resources, including six lessons that use Times mentor ...
Free college tuition Last year, Walz signed a bill into law that made college tuition free for students from Minnesota families who earn less than $80,000 a year.
Controversy accompanied Emma Hayes' decision to leave former Cal star and long-time American standout Alex Morgan off the U.S. women's soccer team for the Olympics. Well, apparently she made ...
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