covid 19 essay in sinhala 100 words

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COVID-19 වෛරසය සදහා ආසාදන වැළැක්වීම සහ පාලනය(IPC)

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මෙම පාඨමාලාව මගින් නව කොරොනා වයිරස් වැනි මතු වෙමින් එන ශ්වසන වෛරසයකට ප්‍රතිචාර දැක්වීමට සූදානම් විය යුතු තත්ත්වයන් මොනවාද, එය සිදු වූ වහාම එය හඳුනා ගන්නේ කෙසේද සහ සෞඛ්‍ය සේවකයිනට හෝ වෙනත් රෝගීන්ට සහ සෞඛ්‍ය සේවා ස්ථානයේ සිටින අනෙක් අයට තවදුරටත් සම්ප්‍රේෂණය නොවන බවට සහතික කිරීමට IPC පියවර නිසි ලෙස ක්‍රියාත්මක කරන්නේ කෙසේද යන්න පිළිබඳ තොරතුරු සපයයි.

මෙම පුහුණුව සෞඛ්‍ය සේවකයින් සහ මහජන සෞඛ්‍ය වෘත්තිකයින් සඳහා වන අතර එය ආසාදන වැළැක්වීම සහ පාලනය කිරීම කෙරෙහි අවධානය යොමු කර ඇත.

මෙම පාඨමාලාව 2020 ජූනි මාසයේ සිට යාවත්කාලීන කර නොමැත. නවතම මග පෙන්වීම සඳහා කරුණාකර පාඨමාලාවේ ඉංග්‍රීසි අනුවාදය වෙත යොමු වන්න.

කරුණාකර සලකන්න: මෙම ද්‍රව්‍ය අවසන් වරට යාවත්කාලීන කර ඇත්තේ 18/01/2022.

Course contents

1වැනි මොඩියුලය: පෙරදැක්ම සහ සූදානම සහ ipc:, 2වැනි මොඩියුලය: covid-19 වෛරසය:, 3වැනි මොඩියුලය: covid-19 සංදර්භය තුළipc සම්මත පූර්වාරක්ෂණයන්, සම්ප්‍රේෂණ මත පදනම් වූ පූර්වාරක්ෂාවන් සහ covid-19 විශේෂිත නිර්දේශයන්:, enroll me for this course, certificate requirements.

• Gain a Confirmation of Participation by completing at least 100% of the course material.

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කොරෝනා වෛරස් රෝගය පිළිබදව තොරතුරු සදහා For information on corona virus (COVID -19) out Break

කොරෝනා වෛරස් රෝගය පිළිබදව තොරතුරු සදහා

For information on corona virus (COVID -19) out Break

News & Events

• ජනාධිපතිවරණ සමයේ ඇතිවිය හැකි ආපදා කළමනාකරණය සඳහා විශේෂ වැඩපිළිවෙලක්
• බදුලු ඔය ආශ්‍රිත ආපදා අවදානම අවමකිරීම සහ බදුලු ඔය පරිසර පද්ධතිය තිරසර භාවිතය සඳහා ස්ථිරසාර වැඩසටහනක් ක්‍රියාත්මක කිරීම වෙනුවෙන් පාර්ශවකරුවන් අතර විශේෂ සාකච්ජාවක්.
• නිරිතදිග මෝසම් ආපදාවෙන් බලපෑමට ලක් වූ ජනතාවගේ ජන ජීවිතය යලි නගාසිටුවීමට සහ හදිසි ප්‍රතිචාර දැක්වීමේ යාන්ත්‍රණය ශක්තිමක් කිරීම සඳහා ආධාර.
• ඉංගිරිය ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ටාශයට අයත් රත්මල්ගොඩ නැගෙනහිර ග්‍රාම නිළධාරි වසමේ නායයෑම් අවදානම නිරීක්ෂණය කර ජනාතගේ ආරක්ෂාව තහවුරු කරයි.
• නියඟයෙන් පීඩාවිදින පුත්තලම දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ ජනතාවට පානීය ජල අවශ්‍යතා සැපීරීම සඳහා ඒ්කාබද්ධ වැඩසටහනක්
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Sinhalese (සිංහල)

ඔබ දැන ගත යුතු දේ

කෝවිඩ්-19 සංඛ්‍යාලේඛන

කෝවිඩ්-19 රෝහල් ගතවීම් වලට අදාල සංඛ්‍යාලේඛන Find out More

ඔබ රෝගි යැයි ඔබ සිතන්නේ නම්

ස්වයං නොරෝධායනය / ගෘහස්ථ නිරෝධායනය

• ස්වයං නොරෝධායනයෙදී / ගෘහස්ථ නිරෝධායනයෙදි සැලකිල්ලට ගත යුතු ක්‍රියාමාර්ග මොනවාද? Find out More

ඔබත් අන් අයත් ආරාක්ෂා වන්නේ කෙසේද?

• මූලික නිවාරණ උපායයන් Find out More

• සේවා ස්ථානයන් හා සැබැඳි නිවාරණ උපායයන් Find out More

• වෙළඳපොළ හා සැබැඳි නිවාරණ උපායයන් Find out More

විශේෂ සෞඛ්‍ය අවශ්‍යතා සහිත පුද්ගලයන්ට සඳහා උපදෙස්

• ගර්භණී මවුවරුන් Find out More

• පිළිකා රෝගීන් Find out More

• බෝ නොවන රෝග වලට ප්‍රතිකාර ගන්නා රෝගීන් Find out More

කෝවිඩ්-19 ට අදාල සේවාවන් සපයන රෝහල් හා රසායනාගාර

• කෝවිඩ්-19 රෝගීන් සඳහා ප්‍රතිකාර සිදු කරනු ලබන රෝහල් Find out More

• PCR පරීක්ෂණය සිදු කරනු ලබ න රෝහල්

Find out More click here to download the PDF file

Information for General Public

Delivery of medicine from hospital clinics Find out More

Revised Timeline for Public Activities Find out More

Home Quarantine - Sinhala Find out More

සෞඛ්‍ය අංශයේ වෘත්තිකයන් සඳහා උපදෙස්

කෝවිඩ් 19 ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීම සඳහා වන නිර්දේශයන් / සෞඛ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය මගින් නිකුත් කරල ලද චක්‍ර ලේඛන

Discharge Criteria for COVID 19 Patients- Version 3 new

COVID-19 Risk Management and Community Engagement

Wearing Masks in the community

Use of Gloves in the community

Rational use of PPE and Infection prevention and control of COVID - 19

Guidance on carrting out RT-PCR test for COVID-19 in work settings

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ප්‍රාථමික සත්කාර වෛද්‍යවරුන් සඳහා අතුරු මාර්ගෝපදේශ

රෝහල් තුල හමුවන සැක සහිත COVID-19 රෝගීන්ගේ හදිසි සොයා ගැනීම කළමනාකරණය කිරීම

COVID - 19 වසංගත කාලය තුල ප්‍රතිශක්තිකරණ සේවා නැවත ආරම්භ කිරීම සඳහා මාර්ගෝපදේශ

රැකියා ස්ථාන සඳහා COVID-19 වසංගතයට සූදානම් වීම සහ ප්‍රතිචාර දැක්වීම පිළිබඳ මෙහෙයුම් මාර්ගෝපදේශ

COVID-19 තහවුරු කරන ලද හෝ සැක කරන ලද පුද්ගලයකුට නිරාවරණය වූ සෞඛ්‍ය සේවකයින් පරීක්ෂා කිරීම සහ කළමනාකරණය කිරීම

නිරෝධායන මධ්‍යස්ථාන වලින් නිරෝධායනය කළ පුද්ගලයින් නිදහස් කිරීම

COVID 19 ට නිරාවරණය වූ කාර්ය මණ්ඩල සඳහා ලේඛනයක් නඩත්තු කිරීම

කෝවිඩ්-19 සැක කටයුතු හා තහවුරූ වූ රෝගින් සඳහා සායනකික භාවිතාවන් වලට අදාල තාවකාලික නිර්දේශයන්

ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය / ගෘහස්ථ නිරෝධායනය සඳහා වන නිර්දෙශයන්

කෝවිඩ්-19 සම්බන්ධයේන් පෞද්ගලික ආරක්ෂක උපකරණ වල සහේතුක භාවිතාව පිලිබඳව වන උපදෙස් මාලාව

කෝවිඩ් -19 පැතිරීම වැළැක්වීමට අදාල පාරිසරික පිරිසිදු කිරීම් සඳහා වන නිර්දෙශ

Towards New Normal Guidelines

01. කුලී රථ සේවා භාවිතය

02. ත්‍රීරෝද රථ භාවිතය

03. බයිසිකලයක් පැදීම

04. ඇවිදීමේ මංතීරු භාවිතා කිරීම

05. සම්මන්ත්‍රණ වැඩමුළු පැවැත්වීම

06. උපකාරක පන්ති

07. ප්‍රසිද්ධ රැස්වීම් (එළිමහන් සහ ගෘහස්ථ)

08. COVID තර්ජනය මධ්‍යයේ පුද්ගලික සෞඛ්‍ය සායන ආරම්භ කිරීම

09. ආරක්ෂක නිලධාරීන්

10. ඡායාරූප ශිල්පීන් වීඩියෝකරණ ශිල්පීන්

11. රාජ්‍ය හා පෞද්ගලික වාහන රථ ගාල්

12. සන්නිවේදන ඉලෙක්ට්‍රොනික සාප්පු

13. මත්පැන් හා දුම්කොළ අලෙවි කරන ස්ථාන

14. ළමා දිවා සුරැකුම් මධ්‍යස්ථාන සහ පෙර පාසල්

15. වැඩිහිටි රැකවරණ නිවාස

16. බන්ධනාගාර

17. හෝටල් පිළිගැනීමේ ශාලා වල පවත්වන මංගල උත්සව

18. ආගමික ස්ථාන

19. ආගමික ස්ථාන

20. උද්‍යාන (ළමා පොදු)

21. පවුලේ අය සහ මිතුරන් බැලීමට යාම

22. පිහිනුම් තටාක සහ වෙරළ භාවිතය

23. ගෘහස්ථ ක්‍රීඩාංගන සහ ක්‍රීඩා පුහුණුවීම්

24. ශරීර සුවතා මධ්‍යස්ථාන

26. විශාල හා මධ්‍යම ප්‍රමාණයේ කර්මාන්ත

27. කාර්යාල (රාජ්‍ය හා පෞද්ගලික)

28. ඉදිකිරීම් ස්ථාන

30. සාප්පු (සාමාන්‍ය)

31. සුපිරි වෙළඳසැල්

32. සිල්ලර බඩු කුඩා කඩ

33. අවන්හල්

34. රජයේ අමාත්‍යාංශ දෙපාර්තමේන්තු සහ වෙනත් රාජ්‍ය ආයතන

35. රෙදි පිළි සාප්පු

36. විවෘත වෙළඳපොල

37. වීදි වෙළෙන්දන් (ස්ථාවර සහ ජංගම)

38. පොදු බස් රථ භාවිතය

39. දුම්රිය භාවිතය

40. බාබර් සාප්පු සහ රූපලාවණ්‍යාගාර

41. තැපැල් සේවා

42. ජංගම ආහාර වෙළෙන්දන්; පිළියෙළ නොකළ සේදිය හැකි ආහාර

43. ජංගම ආහාර වෙළෙන්දන්; බේකරි ඇතුළු අනුභව කිරීමට සූදානම් ආහාර ද්‍රව්‍ය

44. කසළ හසුරුවන්නන්, වීදි පිරිසිදු කරන්නන් සහ පිරිසිදු කිරීමේ කාර්ය මණ්ඩලය

45. මැහුම්කරුවන් සහ ඇඳුම් සාදන්නන්

46. සංචාරක කර්මාන්තය හා හෝටල්

වැදගත් වෙබ් පිටු

ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය

වසංගත රෝග විද්‍යා අංශය - සෞඛ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය

නිරෝධායන ඒකකය - සෞඛ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය

බෝවන රෝග පාලන හා නිවාරණ මධ්‍යස්ථානය

රාජ්‍ය තොරතුරු දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව

Daily Situation Reports of Epidemiology Unit ( Sri Lanka)

IEC materials for Pre Schools

COVID-19 වැළැක්වීමට අදාළ වීඩියෝ බාගත කරන්න

COVID-19 වැළැක්වීමට අදාළ පත්‍රිකා සහ පෝස්ටර් බාගත කරන්න

COVID-19 වැළැක්වීමට අදාළ පර්යේෂණ ප්‍රකාශන බාගත කරන්න

Living the new normal with COVID 19

Package of IEC for schools in COVID 19 - Sinhala medium

නිතර අසනු ලබන ප්‍රශ්න, කොරෝනා වෛරසය යනු කුමක්ද.

කොරෝනා වයිරස් යනු සතුන් හෝ මිනිසුන් තුළ රෝගාබාධ ඇති කළ හැකි විශාල වෛරස් පවුලකි. කොරෝනා පවුලට අයත් වෛරස කිහිපයක් මිනිසුන් තුළ, සාමාන්‍ය සෙම්ප්‍රතිශ්‍යාවේ සිට මැදපෙරදිග ශ්වසන සින්ඩ්‍රෝමය (MERS) සහ දරුණු උග්‍ර ශ්වසන සින්ඩ්‍රෝමය (SARS) වැනි දරුණු රෝග දක්වා ශ්වසන ආසාදන ඇති කරන බව දන්නා කරුණකි. මෑතකදී සොයාගත් කොරෝනා වයිරස් මගින් COVID-19කොරෝනා වයිරස් රෝගයට හේතු වේ.

COVID-19 රෝගය පැතිරෙන්නේ කෙසේද?

මිනිසුන්ට වෛරසය ඇති අයගෙන් COVID-19 බෝවිය හැකිය. COVID-19 සහිත පුද්ගලයෙකු කැස්ස හෝ හුස්ම ගන්නා විට නාසයෙන් හෝ මුඛයෙන් පිටවන බිඳිති හරහා මෙම රෝගය පුද්ගලයාගෙන් පුද්ගලයාට පැතිර යා හැකිය. මෙම බිඳිති පුද්ගලයා වටා ඇති වස්තූන් හා පෘෂ්ටයන් මත තැන්පත්වේ. අනෙකුත් අයට COVID-19 වෛරසය ශරීර ගත වන්නේ මෙම වස්තූන් හෝ පෘෂ්ටයන් ස්පර්ශ කිරීමෙන් පසුව ඔවුන්ගේ ඇස්, නාසය හෝ මුඛය ස්පර්ශ කිරීමෙනි. COVID-19 සහිත පුද්ගලයෙකුගේ ගෙන් පිටවන බිඳිති ආශ්වාස කළහොත් මිනිසුන්ට COVID-19 බෝවිය හැක. අසනීපයෙන් පෙළෙන පුද්ගලයෙකුගෙන් මීටර 1 ක් (අඩි 3) වඩා දුරින් සිටීම වැදගත් වන්නේ මේ නිසා ය. COVID-19 ව්‍යාප්ත වී ඇති ආකාරය පිළිබඳ අඛණ්ඩ පර්යේෂණ ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය තක්සේරු කරමින් සිටින අතර යාවත්කාලීන කරන ලද සොයාගැනීම් දිගටම බෙදා ගනු ඇත.

COVID-19 හි රෝග ලක්ෂණ:

මෙහි වඩාත් පොදු රෝග ලක්ෂණ වන්නේ, උණ, විඩාව, සහ වියලි කැස්ස වේ. සමහර රෝගීන්ට ඇඟ පත වේදනා, නාසය සිරවීම, සොටු දියර ගැලීම, උගුරේ අමාරුව හෝ පාචනය ඇති විය හැක. මෙම ලක්ෂණ සුළුවෙන් පටන් ගෙන, ක්‍රම ක්‍රමයෙන් මතුවිය හැක.සමහර පුද්ගලයන් අසාදිත වුවත් කිසිදු රෝග ලක්ෂණයක් නොපෙන්වන අතර, අසනීප බවක් නොදැනේ. බොහෝ අය (80%)ක් පමණ විශේෂ අවශ්‍ය නොවී, රෝගයෙන් සුවය ලබති. COVID-19 අසාදිත සෑම පුද්ගලයන් 6 දෙනෙකුගෙන් 1 අයකුම බරපතල ලෙස රෝගාතුරවේ. බොහෝ අය (80%)ක් පමණ විශේෂ අවශ්‍ය නොවී, රෝගයෙන් සුවය ලබති. COVID-19 අසාදිත සෑම පුද්ගලයන් 6 දෙනෙකුගෙන් 1 අයකුම බරපතල ලෙස රෝගාතුරවී හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතාවයක් ඇතිවේ. වැඩිහිටි පුද්ගලයින් සහ අධි රුධිර පීඩනය, හදවත් රෝග හෝ දියවැඩියාව වැනි නිදන්ගත රෝග ඇති අයට සංකුලතා ඇතිවීමේ ඉඩ කඩ ඇත. උණ, කැස්ස, සහ හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතා ඇති අය වෛද්‍ය ප්‍රතිකාර ලබා ගත යුතුවේ.

COVID-19 වෛරසය වාතය හරහා බෝවිය හැකිද?

මේ දක්වා , අධ්‍යන වලින් පෙනී යන්නේ COVID-19 වෛරසය ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වන්නේ වාතය හරහා නොව කැස්සකදී හෝ කිවිසුමකදී පිටවන බිඳිති බවය්”

COVID-19 රෝගය, රෝග ලක්ෂණ නොපෙන්වන පුද්ගලයකු මගින් බෝවිය හැකිද ?

රෝගය පැතිරෙන ප්‍රධාන ක්‍රමය වන්නේ පුද්ගලයකු කහින විට පිටවන බිඳිති මගිනි.එබැවින් කිසිදු රෝග ලක්ෂණයක් නොපෙන්වන රෝගියකු මගින් චෝ-19 රෝගය බෝවීමේ අවදානම ඉතා අඩුය.එසේ වුවත් COVID-19 රෝගීන්ට බොහෝවිට පවතින්නේ සුළු රෝග ලක්ෂණ පමණි. මේ තත්ත්වය රෝගයේ මුල් අවධියේදී දැකිය හැක. එහෙත් ඇතැම් විට මෙම තත්ත්වය වෙනස් විය හැක. ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය, COVID-19 රෝගය සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වන කාල පරිච්චේදය පිළිබඳ තක්සේරු කරමින් සිටින අතර යාවත්කාලීන කරන ලද සොයාගැනීම් පිළිබඳව අප ඔබව දැනුවත් කරන්නෙමු.

අසාදිත පුද්ගලයකුගේ මලපහ මගින්, COVID-19 රෝගය බෝවිය හැකිද?

අසාදිත පුද්ගලයකුගේ මලපහ මගින්,COVID-19 රෝගය බෝවිය හැකිද ?අසාදිත පුද්ගලයකුගේ මළ මත්‍ර මගින් COVID-19 එහෙත් ඇතැම් විට මෙම තත්ත්වය වෙනස් විය හැක. ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය, COVID-19 රෝගය සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වන කාල පරිච්චේදය පිළිබඳ තක්සේරු කරමින් සිටින අතර යාවත්කාලීන කරන ලද සොයාගැනීම් පිළිබඳව අප ඔබව දැනුවත් කරන්නෙමු.

COVID-19 හි වඩාත් පොදු රෝග ලක්ෂණ මේවා වේ. සමහර අය ආසාදනය වී ඇති නමුත් කිසිදු රෝග ලක්ෂණයක් වර්ධනය නොවන අතර අසනීප බවක් දැනෙන්නේ නැත.

උගුරේ අපහසුතාව

හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතාව

මේ රෝග ලක්ෂණ තිබූ පමණින් ඔබ corona ආසාදිත යැයි සිතිය නොහැකිමුත් කොරෝනා වෛරස ආසාදනයේ ද දක්නට ලැබෙන රෝග ලක්ෂණ මේවා ම වන බැවින් ඔබගේ ආදරණීයයන් ගේ ආරක්ෂාව පිණිස පහත පියවරයන් අනුගමනය කරන්න. මෙය පුරවැසියෙකු ලෙස ඔබගේ ජාතික වගකීමකි.

වෛද්‍ය උපදෙස් ලබා ගැනීම සඳහා මිස වෙන කිසිදු කාරණයක් සඳහා නිවසින් පිටව නොයන්න

හැකිනම් තමාම පමණක් රැදී සිටීමට කාමරයක් වෙන් කරගන්න.

නිවසේ ඔබ සහ අනෙක් අය අතර අවම වශයෙන් මීටරයක දුරක් තබා ගන්න

හැකිනම් වෙනම වැසිකිලියක්/නාන කාමරයක් භාවිතා කරන්න. එසේ කළ නොහැකි නම් වැසිකිළිය / නාන කාමරය භාවිතා කළ පසු ඒවායේ කරාම, දොරගුළු ආදිය සබන් යොදා සෝදන්න.

නිවසට ආගන්තුකයන් ගෙන්වා නොගන්න..

ඔබ මෙන්ම අනෙකුත් නිවැසියන් ද නිතර නිතර හැකි සෑම විටම සබන් යොදා තත්පර විස්සක්වත් අත් සෝදා ගත යුතුය.

තමන් භාවිතා කරන පිඟන්, වීදුරු, කෝප්ප, තුවා හා ඇඳ ඇතිරිලි ආදිය අන් අයගෙන් වෙන්ව තබා ගන්න. අනෙක් අයගේ ඒවායෙන් වෙන්ව සබන් ගා සෝදා ගන්න..

කහින විට හෝ කිවිසුම් යවන විට වැලමිටෙහි ඇතුල් පැත්තෙන් හෝ ටිෂු කඩදාසියකින් මුව වසා ගන්න. එක් වරක් භාවිතා කරන ලද ටිෂු කඩදාසි පියන සහිත කසල බඳුනකට දමන්න.

ඔබ භාවිත කරන මුහුණු ආවරණ හා අත්වැසුම් භාවිතයෙන් පසු නැවත නැවත භාවිතා නොකර පියන සහිත කසල බඳුනකට දමන්න..

වඩාත්ම වැදගත් දෙය නම් ඔබ පසුගිය සති දෙක ඇතුළත පිට රටකට ගොස් පැමිණියේ නම් හෝ corona රෝග ආසාදිතයෙකු හෝ එසේ සැක කළ හැකි පුද්ගලයෙකු ආශ්‍රය කර ඇත්නම් වහාම ප්‍රදේශයේ මහජන සෞඛ්‍ය පරික්ෂකට හෝ සෞඛ්‍ය වෛද්‍ය නිලධාරිවරයාට දැනුම් දෙන්න.

1999 උපදෙස් සේවාව ඇමැතීමෙන් වෛද්‍ය ප්‍රතිකාරවලට යොමු වීම ආදී ඉදිරි කටයුතු පිළිබඳ අවශ්‍ය උපදෙස් ලබා ගත හැක

ප්‍රතිකාර සඳහා ප්‍රවාහන පහසුකම් සලසා ගැනීමට 1990 සුවසැරිය ගිලන්රථ සේවාව අමතන්න.

  ඉහත රෝග ලක්ෂණ සඳහන් ඔබ,

පසුගිය දින 14 ඇතුලත පිට රටක සිට ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට පැමිණි අයෙක් නම්

සැක කරන ලද COVID-19 රෝගියකු සමග සමීප සම්බන්ධතා පැවැත්වුයේ නම්

එසේ ගමන් හෝ සම්බන්ධතා ඉතිහාසයක් නොමැති වුවත් විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍යවරයකු විසින් තහවුරු කරන ලද උග්‍ර නිව්මෝනියා තත්වයකින් පෙලෙන්නේ නම්

වෛද්‍ය උපදෙස් සඳහා ඉතා ඉක්මනින් ලගම ඇති රජයේ රෝහල වෙත යොමු වන්න

Covid-19 වැළැක්වීමේ ක්‍රම.

මෙම සරල පූර්වෝපායන් අනුගමනය කිරීමෙන් ඔබට ආසාදනය වීමේ හෝ COVID-19 පැතිරීමේ අවදානම අඩු කර ගත හැකිය.

ඔබ නිවසින් බැහැරව යන සෑම විටම පිරිසිදු මුව ආවරණයක් පලදින්න

ඔබේ අත් නිතරම සෝදන්න

වැලමිට භාවිතයෙන් ඔබේ කැස්ස සහ කිවිසුම් ආවරණය කරන්න

ටිෂු කඩදාසියකින්, ඔබේ කැස්ස සහ කිවිසුම් ආවරණය කර ඒවා නිසි ලෙස බැහැර කරන්න

ඔබේ මිතුරන්ට හා නෑදෑයින්ට අත දීමෙන් හෝ ඔවුන් සිප වැලද ගැනීමෙන් වළකින්න.

ජනයා ගැවසෙන ස්ථාන වලට යාමෙන් වලකින්න

පොදු ස්ථානයක සිටින විට හෝ කතා කරන විට ඔබ සහ අනෙක් අය අතර අවම වශයෙන් මීටරයක දුරක් පවත්වා ගන්න

Data Source  |  Epidemiology Unit , Ministry of Health

රෝගීන් සඳහා උපදෙස්

ඔබ හට කොරෝනා ආසාදනයේ රෝග ලක්ෂණ තිබේ නම්, ඔබට නියම කර තිබෙන ආසන්නම රෝහල සමග සම්බන්ධ වන්න. පිළිකා රෝහලට යන්නට එපා.

ඔබ දැනට පිළිකා සඳහා ප්‍රතිකාර ලබාගනිමින් ඉන්නවා නම්, සාමාන්‍ය පරිදි පිළිකා සායනයට හෝ මධ්‍යස්ථානයට යන්න.

ඔබ පිළිකා සඳහා ඖෂධ ලබාගන්නවා නම්, නිර්දේශිත බෙහෙත් තුණ්ඩුව හා අවශ්‍ය ලේඛන විශ්වාසවන්ත පුද්ගලයකු සමග යවා අවශ්‍ය ඖෂධ ලබාගන්න..

පිළිකා ප්‍රතිකාර පිළිබඳ වැඩිදුර විස්තර ලබාදෙන තෙක් ප්‍රතිකාර ස්ථාන වෙත පැමිණීමෙන් වළකින්න.

වැඩිදුර විස්තර සඳහා ඔබගේ පිළිකා රෝහල සමග සම්බන්ධ වන්න.

ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය/ නිවසේ සිට නිරෝධායනය වීම

ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය/ නිවසේසිට නිරෝධායනය වීම යනුකුමක් ද?

“ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය/ ගෙදර සිට නිරෝධායනය වීම යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ, නීරෝගී ලෙස පෙනෙන, එහෙත්, අධි අවධානමක් සහිත විය හැකි පුද්ගලයින්රෝහල් හා නිරෝධායන මධ්‍යස්ථාන නොවන තැන්වල වෙන් කර තැබීමයි..

ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය/ නිවසේ සිට නිරෝධායනය කළ යුත්තේ කාව ද?

පසුගිය දින 14ක කාලය තුළ විදේශ රටක සිට ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට පැමිණි පුද්ගලයෙකු කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසය ආසාදනය වී ඇති බව හඳුනාගත් පුද්ගලයකු හෝ එසේ ආසාදනය වී ඇති බවට සැක කරනු ලබන පුද්ගලයකු හෝ සමග පසුගිය දින 14ක කාලය තුළදී සමීප සම්බන්ධතාවක් පැවැත්වූ අයෙකු

ස්වයං නිරෝධායනය/ නිවසේ සිට නිරෝධායනය සිදුකිරීමේදී අනුගමනය කළ යුතු ක්‍රියාමාර්ග

• හැකිනම්, ඔබ වෙනුවෙන් වෙනම කාමරයක් වෙන් කරගන්න. • හැමවිටම ඔබ සහ පවුලේ අය අතර අවම මීටර් එකක පරතරයක් තබාගන්න. • හැකිනම්, වෙනම වැසිකිළියක්/ නාන කාමරයක් භාවිතා කරන්න. ඒවා අනෙක් අය සමග හවුලේ පාවිච්චි කරන්නට සිදු වේ නම්, දොර අගුල්, කරාම ආදිය සබන් සහ වතුර යොදා පිරිසිදු කරන්න. • අමුත්තන්ගේ පැමිණීම දිරිගන්වන්න එපා./ හැකි තරම් අමුත්තන්ගේ පැමිණීම අවම කරන්න. • ඔබත්, ගෙදර අනෙක්අයත්, නිරතුරුවම හොඳින් දෑත් සේදිය යුතුයි. (දෑත් සෝදන විට අඩු වශයෙන් තත්පර 20ක්වත් එම කටයුත්ත සිදු කරන්න) • පිඟන්, කෝප්ප, වීදුරු, තුවා සහ ඇඳරෙදි හවුලේ පාවිච්චි කරන්නට එපා.ඔබගේ උපකරණ සබන් සහ වතුර පාවිච්චි කරමින් වෙනම හොඳින් සෝදන්න. •කහින සහ කිවිසුම් යන විට, ඉවත දමන ටිෂූ කඩදාසියකින් හෝ ඔබගේ වැලමිටේ ඇතුළු පැත්තෙන් ආවරණය කරගන්න. භාවිතා කරන ලද ටිෂූ කඩදාසි පියනක් සහිත කසල බඳුනකට ආරක්ෂාකාරීව බැහැර කරන්න. • ඔබ විසින් පාවිච්චි කරන ලද මුහුණු ආවරණ, ටිෂූ සහ අත්මේස් පියනක් සහිත කසල බඳුනකට ආරක්ෂිත අන්දමින් බැහැර කරන්න. • ඇස්, නාසය සහ මුඛය නොසේදූ අත්වලින් අල්ලන්නට එපා. • අඩු වශයෙන් දිනකට දෙවරක්වත් ඔබගේ ශරීර උෂ්ණත්වය පරීක්ෂා කරගන්න. • ඔබට උණ, කැස්ස, උගුරේ වේදනාව, ඇඟ රිදීම සහ හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුව වැනි රෝග ලක්ෂණ තිබේ නම්, වහාම මහජන සෞඛ්‍ය පරීක්ෂක සහ/ හෝ වෛද්‍ය නිලධාරි වෙත දැනුම්දෙන්න. • දුරකථන අංක 1990 ඔස්සේ සුවසැරිය ගිලන් රථ සේවය අමතා ආසන්නතම අදාළ රෝහල වෙත ගමන් පහසුකම් සපයාගන්න.

මූලාශ්‍රය: වසංගත රෝග ඒකකය, සෞඛ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය

COVID-19 කොරෝනා ව්‍යාප්තිය වන මේ අවදියේදී, ගර්භණී කාන්තාවන් සඳහා උපදෙස්

ගර්භණී බව තහවුරුවුණු ඔබ තවමත් සායනික සේවා සඳහා ලියාපදිංචි වී නොමැති නම් ප්‍රදේශයේ පවුල් සෞඛ්‍ය සේවා නිලධාරිණිය හෝ සෞඛ්‍ය වෛද්‍ය නිළධාරී කාර්යාලය වෙත දුරකතනයෙන් අමතා ඒ බව දැනුම් දෙන්න.

ගර්භණී කාලය මාස 8 ක් (සති 32 ක්) හෝ ඊට වැඩි සියලුම ගර්භණී කාන්තාවන් පවුල් සෞඛ්‍ය සේවා නිලධාරිණිය දුරකතනයෙන් අමතා සායනයට ඔබ පැමිණිය යුතු දිනය සහ වේලාව දැන ගන්න.

ඔබගේ ගර්භණි කාලය මාස 8 කට (සති 32 කට) අඩු නම් සහ පහත රෝග තත්ත්ව තිබේ නම් පමණක් ඔබගේ පවුල් සෞඛ්‍ය සේවා නිලධාරිණිය දුරකතනයෙන් අමතා ඔබගේ වත්මන් තත්ත්වය පිලිබඳ විස්තර කර සායනයට යාමට දිනයක් සහ වේලාවක් දැන ගන්න.

- දියවැඩියාව - අධික රුධිර පීඩනය - හෘද රෝග - ශ්වසන ආබාධ - වෙනත් කිසියම් රෝග ලක්ෂණ හෝ අපහසුතාවයක් ඇත්නම්

හැකි සෑම විටම නිවසේ රැඳී සිටින්න. අනවශ්‍ය ගමන් බිමන් යාමෙන් වලකින්න - උදා. උත්සව සහ වෙළදසැල් වෙත යාම.

වැඩි විස්තර 1999 සුවසැරිය අංකය අමතා හෝ ඔබගේ ප්‍රදේශයේ පවුල් සෞඛ්‍ය සේවා නිලධාරිණිය මාර්ගයෙන් හෝ ලබා ගත හැක.

වෙළඳසල්වලදී කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසය ව්‍යාප්ත වීම වළක්වාගැනීමට ගත යුතු පියවර

ඔබ පෝලිමක සිටගෙන සිටින විට, ඔබ සහ අනෙකුත් පාරිභෝගිකයන් අතර අඩු වශයෙන් මීටර් එකක පරතරයක් තබාගන්න.

වෙළඳසලට ඇතුළු පෙර, සබන් හෝ අත් සෝදන ද්‍රාවණයක් භාවිතා කර දෑත් සෝදන්න. දෑත් සේදීමෙන් වයිරසය ව්‍යාප්තිය සාර්ථක ලෙස මැඩලිය හැකි බව විද්‍යාත්මකව තහවුරු වී තිබේ.

හේතුවක් නොමැතිව ඇස් සහ නාසය ඇල්ලීමෙන් වළකින්න. එසේ ඇල්ලීම වයිරසය පැතිරීමට හේතු වේ.

ඔබට උණ, කැස්ස, සෙම්ප්‍රතිෂ්‍යාවවැනි රෝග ලක්ෂණ තිබේ නම් වෙළඳසල්වලට යාමෙන් වළකින්න.

ඔබට අවශ්‍ය දේ විතරක් මිල දී ගන්න. එය ඔබගේ ජාතික වගකීමකි.

වෙළඳසල්වල පෝලිමේ සිටින විට වැඩිහිටියන්ට ඉදිරියට යාමට ඉඩ දෙන්න. කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසය නිසා ඔවුන් අනෙක් අයට වඩා දැඩි ලෙස අසනීප වීමේ ඉඩක් තිබේ.

සේවා ස්ථානයේදී කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසය පැතිරීම පාලනය කිරීම සඳහා ගත යුතු පියවර

අප වැඩ කරන ස්ථානවල සෑහෙන කාලයක් ගත කරනවා. එම නිසා අපගේ සේවා ස්ථාන කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසයෙන් ආරක්ෂා කරගැනීමට අප සැලකිලිමත් විය යුතුයි. ඔබේ සේවා ස්ථානය ආරක්ෂා කරගන්නට පහත දැක්වෙන උපදෙස් අනුගමනය කරන්න.

කිසියම් කෙනෙකු උණ, කැස්ස හෝ සෙම්ප්‍රතිෂ්‍යාවවැනි සරල රෝග ලක්ෂණ පෙන්වනවා නම් එය මුළුමනින් ම සුව වනතුරු වැඩට නොගොස් සිටින්නැයි උපදෙස් දෙන්න. හැකිනම්, ගෙදර සිට වැඩකිරීමට එම පුද්ගලයාට පහසුකම් සපයන්න.

එක් පුද්ගලයකුට වඩා වැඩි පිරිසක් විසින් පාවිච්චි කරනු ලබන දොර අගුල්, දුරකථන රීසීවර, මේස මතුපිට, ස්ටේප්ලර් යන්ත්‍ර ආදිය විෂබීජ නාශක යොදා පිරිසිදු කරන්න.

නිරතුරුවම ඔබේ දෑත් සබන් යොදා පිරිසිදු කරන්න. ඔබගේ මුහුණ, කට, නහය සහ ඇස් ඇල්ලීමෙන් වළකින්න. කොවිඩ්-19 වයිරසය සාමාන්‍යයෙන් පැතිරෙන්නේ ස්පර්ශය මගිනි.

සෙනග ගැවසීම හැකිතරම් වළක්වන්න. රැස්වීම් තාවකාලිකව නවත්වා ඒ සඳහා අන්තර්ජලය හරහා සිදු කෙරෙන වීඩියෝ රැස්වීම් සහ සමූහ දුරකථන ඇමතුම් වැනි නවීන සන්නිවේදන ක්‍රම භාවිතා කරන්න.

ඔබගේ සේවා ස්ථානයේ කොරෝනා වයිරසය පැතිරීම වළක්වා ගතහොත්,, ඒ තුළින් ඔබගේ ආදරණීය පවුලේ සාමාජිකයින් කරාද මෙම වෛරසය පැතිරීමට ඇති ඉඩකඩ අවම කර ගත හැකිය.

List of hospitals for COVID-19 Treatment

බෝ නොවන රෝග වලට ප්‍රතිකාර ගන්නා රෝගීන් සඳහා වන උපදෙස් මාලාව

(දියවැඩියාව, අධි රුධිර පීඩනය, හෘද රෝග, ආඝාතය, නිදන්ගත ශ්වසන රෝග, අධික කොලෙස්ටරෝල්, අක්මා ආබාධ, තයරොයිඩ් ආබාධ, වැනි රෝග)

බෝ නොවන රෝග සඳහා වෛද්‍ය නිර්දේශ මත ඔබ දැනට භාවිතා කරන ඖෂධ දිගටම භාවිතා කරන්න.

ඔබගේ ඖෂධ ලබා ගැනීම සඳහා වගකිව යුතු පුද්ගලයෙක්, ඔබගේ වෛද්‍ය වාර්තා සහ ලියකියවිලි සමග අදාල සායනයට එවන්න.

ඔබට නියමිත සායාන දිනයේදී එම සායනයට සහභාගී වීමට නොහැකි වුවහොත්, ඉන්පසු ඕනෑම සතියේ දිනෙක බාහිර රෝගී අංශයට පැමිණ ඔබට හිමි ඖෂධ ලබා ගන්න.

හැකි සෑමවිටම, එකිනෙකා අතර මීටරයක පරතරයක් තබා ගන්න.

ඔබට ශ්වසනාබාධයක රෝග ලක්ෂණ (කැස්ස, උණ සහ හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතාවය ) ඇත්නම්, කරුණාකර ළඟම රෝහල හෝ අංක 117 (විශේෂ කොවිඩ්-19 ඇමතුම් අංකය ) අමතන්න. ඔබට කොවිඩ්-19 රෝගය වැළඳී ඇතැයි සැක කරනවා නම් (ඉහත රෝග ලක්ෂණ සමග ළඟදී විදේශ සංචාරයක නිරත වූවා නම් හෝකොවිඩ්-19 යැයි සැක සහිත හෝ තහවුරු කළ රෝගියෙකු ඇසුරු කළා නම්), වහාම ළඟම ඇති විශේෂිත කොවිඩ්-19 ප්‍රතිකාර මධ්‍යස්ථානය වෙත යන්න. වෛද්‍ය සායනය වෙත යාමෙන් වළකින්න.

බෝ නොවන රෝග සඳහා හදිසි ප්‍රතිකාර රෝහල් තුළ පෙර ලෙසම සිදු කරනු ලැබේ.

ඔබ ස්වයං නිරෝධායනයකට ලක්වී ඇත්නම්, ඔබ ප්‍රදේශයේ සෞඛ්‍ය වෛද්‍ය නිලධාරී හෝ මහජන සෞඛ්‍ය පරීක්ෂක අමතා ඔබට අවශ්‍ය ඖෂධ ලබා ගන්න.

ඔබට ශ්වසනාබාධයක රෝග ලක්ෂණ (කැස්ස, උණ සහ හුස්ම ගැනීමේ අපහසුතාවය ) ඇත්නම්, කරුණාකර ළඟම රෝහල හෝ අංක 117 (විශේෂ කොවිඩ්-19 ඇමතුම් අංකය ) අමතන්න.

ඔබට කොවිඩ්-19 රෝගය වැළඳී ඇතැයි සැක කරනවා නම්, වෛද්‍ය සායනය වෙත යාමෙන් වළකින්න.

ඔබට කොවිඩ්-19 රෝගය වැළඳී ඇතැයි සැක කරනවා නම් (ඉහත රෝග ලක්ෂණ සමග ළඟදී විදේශ සංචාරයක නිරත වූවා නම් හෝකොවිඩ්-19 යැයි සැක සහිත හෝ තහවුරු කළ රෝගියෙකු ඇසුරු කළා නම්), වහාම ළඟම ඇති විශේෂිත කොවිඩ්-19 ප්‍රතිකාර මධ්‍යස්ථානය වෙත යන්න.

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Humanity needs leadership and solidarity to defeat the coronavirus

The Coronavirus pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time. Since its emergence late last year, the virus has spread to  every continent  except Antarctica.  

What is COVID-19?

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus. This new virus and disease were unknown before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.

Countries are racing to slow the spread of the disease by testing and treating patients, carrying out contact tracing, limiting travel, quarantining citizens, and cancelling large gatherings such as sporting events, concerts, and schools.

The  UN’s Framework for the Immediate Socio-Economic Response to the COVID 19 Crisis  warns that “The COVID-19 pandemic is far more than a health crisis: it is affecting societies and econ­omies at their core. While the impact of the pandemic will vary from country to country, it will most likely increase poverty and inequalities at a global scale, making the achievement of SDGs even more urgent.

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Every country needs to act immediately to prepare, respond, and recover. The UN system will support countries through each stage, with a focus on the most vulnerable.

Drawing on our experience with other outbreaks such as Ebola, HIV, SARS, TB and malaria, as well as our long history of working with the private and public sector, UNDP will help countries to urgently and effectively respond to COVID-19 as part of its mission to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities and build resilience to crises and shocks.

“We are already hard at work, together with our UN family and other partners, on three immediate priorities : supporting the health response including the procurement and supply of essential health products, under WHO’s leadership, strengthening crisis management and response, and addressing critical social and economic impacts.” UNDP Administrator, Achim Steiner

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UNDP Sri Lanka recognises that COVID-19 is much more than a health crisis. Drawing on our experience with combatting other outbreaks such as Ebola, HIV, SARS and Malaria, as well as our long history of working with the private and public sector, UNDP stands ready to help Sri Lanka to urgently and effectively respond to COVID-19 as part of its mission to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities and build resilience to crises and shocks.

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Like all hospitals around the world, hospitals in Sri Lanka also faced shortages of medical supplies, specifically Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) kits during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. At a critical time where community effort was needed the most, UNDP was able to support the need of the hour through its Climate Change Adaptation Project (CCAP II) by teaming up with Green Coop. Through this initiative, garment factories established through the project in the Polonnaruwa area were approached, seeking a solution to address the shortage of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) by exploring methods of local production.

From their hard work, 500 PPE kits for healthcare workers, 250 patient safety kits and 1,400 masks were donated to healthcare workers in the frontlines in Colombo and Polonnaruwa.  The safety kits were handed over to the Governor of the Western Province Mr. Roshan Goonatileke and Provincial Director of Health Western Province Dr. Damayanthi Jayathilaka. 

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While we do this, we must also consider ways to prevent a similar pandemic from recurring. In the longer term, UNDP will look at ways to help countries better prevent and manage such crises and ensure that the world makes full use of what we learn from this one.

Ending the COVID-19 pandemic is our duty. Extraordinary times demand extraordinary measures. We face a colossal test, which demands decisive, coordinated and innovative action from all, for all.

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Sri Lanka's fight against COVID-19: a brief overview

Sri Lanka was endorsed by the World Health Organization as a country that made immense progress in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This chapter focuses on the health-care structure, strategic use of Police, Tri-forces, and other government entities, media support, traditional social practices, the public responsiveness, and even the geographic location of the country that contribute to the overall control of the pandemic and management of the disease plausibly. Despite the nearly successful achievement, the country has faced economic, political, and social challenges during this critical period, through which many lessons are learnt. Sri Lanka has had few H1N1 outbreaks in the recent past. However, till the spread of COVID-19, the current population had not experienced the spread of a highly contagious disease in the country. Therefore, this chapter aims to share the novel experience, strategies used, challenges faced, and ways adapted in confronting COVID-19 as a country.

1. Introduction

The pandemic, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 virus) is among the deadliest events happened to the humankind in the recent history. The pandemic has triggered devastating effects on economic and sociopolitical conditions of tens of millions of people. Owing to the novelty of the virus, the development of remedial measures including vaccines posed many challenges. Thus, people had to adhere to many, mostly previously unpracticed precautionary measures including extensive hand washing, wearing masks, and social distancing. The spread of the disease was rapid and exponential in many regions severely affecting the day-to-day lives of people.

Sri Lanka is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean with an estimated population of 21,919,000 ( Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka, 2020 ). Population density is highest in the Western Province of the country, especially concentrated in and around the capital city, Colombo. Large crowds enter Colombo on a daily basis or seek temporary accommodation in Colombo or suburbs as many government and private offices, best hospitals, leading schools, several large state universities, free trade zones, the main seaport, and the prime airport of the country are situated in the Western Province. Sri Lanka being a popular tourist destination, earns a large amount of foreign exchange from the tourism industry; thus, its economy relies heavily on tourism ( Ranasinghe & Sugandhika, 2018 ). The apparel industry also contributes largely to export income catering to the high-end US and European markets. The livelihood of a substantial portion of the population hence depends directly or indirectly on tourism and the apparel industry. Yet another considerable majority depends on agricultural industries, as producers, processors, retailers, or at a different scale in the market chain.

The main economic challenges faced by Sri Lanka as a country in the past few decades were the civil war, the tsunami, and the most recent Easter Sunday attack in 2019. COVID-19 pandemic hit Sri Lanka at a time the country was grappling to recover from the loss of the Easter Sunday attack in April 2019. The health sector of Sri Lanka is at a reasonably plausible level for a middle-income country. Sri Lanka ranked 73 rd among 195 countries for personal health-care access and quality, being fairly ahead of other South Asian countries ( Barber et al., 2017 ). Therefore, the state health sector was vigilant and ready to take up the health challenge of COVID-19. The Tri-forces, the Police, and government administrative workers are other main forces that strengthen and support the health-care sector in Sri Lanka throughout this mission. The cooperation and the commitment of the private sector and the public also play a pivotal role in succeeding the COVID-19 battle.

The very first COVID-19 case from a Sri Lankan citizen was reported on March 11, 2020 ( Ediriweera et al., 2020 ), and the second after 2 weeks. Since then, the number of cases increased very slowly, not more than 10 patients on most days up to mid-April 2020. Besides the three to four spikes reported due to clusters from quarantine centers, a Navy base, and a rehabilitation center, the numbers remained in a range of 0–30 up to early October 2020 ( Epidemiology Unit, 2020a ). This period was considered the first COVID-19 wave in the country. The second COVID-19 wave hit the country harder than the first, just when the society was adopting the “New normal” life. The disease pattern and the trend were dissimilar to the first wave, where the daily numbers became 10–20 times higher by December 2020 ( Epidemiology Unit, 2020b ), supposedly due to different strategies adopted by the Government keeping in line with new global knowledge about the pandemic. Despite the recent increase in positive cases, the death rate of Sri Lanka is at 0.48% which is considerably lower than the global rate: 2.14% ( Sri Lanka Health Promotion Bureau Website Dashboard, 2021 ). Several factors such as the robust health-care structure, strategic use of Police, Tri-Forces and other government entities, media support, traditional social practices, the public responsiveness, and the geographic location of the country have contributed largely for the control of the pandemic and management of the disease in the country.

2. The health-care structure of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka's health-care system comprises allopathic, traditional, Ayurveda, Yunani, Siddha, homeopathy, and acupuncture practices ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020a ). Allopathic or Western medical service is largely available via public and private sector service providers. Public allopathic care is provided by a robust network spanning across the country. Most importantly the public health-care sector is commonly accessible for the entire population free of charge. Private allopathic services provided at a cost are concentrated in metropolitan areas, enhanced by modern equipment and facilities ( Perera & Perera, 2017 ). They attract the more modernized and economically sound fraction of the public. Nevertheless, the majority of the population seeks inpatient care primarily in the public sector. Twenty four million patients have been implicated to benefit through routine health clinics conducted at these facilities in 2014 ( Perera & Perera, 2017 ). Moreover, the public sector offers Ayurvedic care free of charge to the public through regional Ayurveda hospitals/centers although the network is as not as much expanded as of the Western health-care structure. The private sector is also involved in providing Ayurveda, traditional Sri Lankan, and other conventional medical care. Most importantly, the private health-care institutions in Sri Lanka are regulated by the Private Health Regulatory Council (PHRC) while the conventional medical services are also regulated under different authorities to a great extent.

2.1. The state health sector

The state health sector caters to the nation in two main aspects; a) providing curative care services ranging from nonspecialized primary care to specialized care delivered through hospitals of different grades, and b) providing community health services focusing on promotive and preventive health. The curative care institutions are of three levels: tertiary care institutions (National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Teaching Hospitals, and Provincial General Hospitals), secondary care institutions (District General Hospitals and Base Hospitals (Type A, B)), and primary care institutions (Divisional Hospitals (Type A, B, C)) and primary medical care units ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020a ). The management of the National Hospital and 21 teaching hospitals is driven by the Ministry of Health while the provincial councils are given the authority to manage other hospitals.

An excellent set of community health services are offered to the public through the Medical Officer of Health (MOH) offices, which are divisional health units, formed to reach almost all families throughout the country ( Perera & Perera, 2017 ). Their prime focus is on maternal and child health, followed by communicable and noncommunicable diseases. As of 2018, 353 MOH offices have been functioning across the country ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020a ). These units are managed by a medical doctor and supported by public health field staff, mainly consisting of Public Health Inspectors (PHIs) and Public Health Midwives (PHMs). The central authority of all public health services, however, lies on the Ministry of Health, and it is responsible for the provision of trained human resources, drug supply, and major infrastructure developments for all hospitals in the country. The effectiveness of this well-structured health-care system is clearly evident by its credible health indicators ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020a ).

2.2. Excellence in disease management and surveillance

Before the emergence of COVID-19, Dengue was the most challenging public health concern in Sri Lanka ( Tissera et al., 2020 ). Due to the high receptivity and the vulnerability to the disease, and the major Dengue outbreak in year 2004, Sri Lanka has established a dedicated unit for Dengue control: the National Dengue Control Unit, and a Presidential task force on dengue control headed by the President. Despite the lapses in vector control, disease management is well under control having skilled practitioners in the state hospitals and elaborate disease management guidelines set up by the authorities. Sustaining the Malaria-free status since 2012 further explains the strong and continuous disease surveillance system in Sri Lanka. However, Sri Lanka had not experienced any pandemic in the recent past.

2.3. Initial responses to COVID-19 disease management

The first COVID-19 patient, a foreign national, was reported from Sri Lanka in late January 2020 at the departure terminal of the main international airport of the country. The patient was treated at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (Infectious Diseases Hospital – IDH) in Colombo and discharged mid-February after full recovery. Sri Lanka's preparedness for COVID-19 prevention and cure was well displayed through the prompt detection and successful management of this first patient. The first Sri Lankan patient was reported in early March, more than a month apart from the first patient diagnosis, followed by a slow daily rise in the numbers, establishing the first COVID-19 wave in the country. Based on the global disease trends and patterns, the health authorities paid much attention to strengthen the hospital emergency preparedness and response plans of all health-care institutions. The needs were addressed by the Government using a three-tier approach as shown in Fig. 10.1 ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020b ).

The three-tier approach used by the Ministry of Health of Sri Lanka to immediately address the need of strengthening the hospital emergency preparedness and response plan of all state health-care institutions of the country.

Initially only three hospitals—the IDH, Colombo East Base Hospital, and the Welikanda Base hospital in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka—were designated as COVID-19 treatment facilities. IDH was immediately designated to treat COVID-19 positive individuals and its infrastructure was rapidly developed. By mid-March the Welikanda Base hospital was converted to a fully equipped COVID-19 treatment center. Personnel from the Tri-forces were deployed in rapid construction activities where facilities were uplifted. By April 2020 just as the total number of COVID-19 patients was reaching 700, the authorities designated the Defence University (Kotelawala Defence University) hospital as a treatment center and 30 other hospitals as isolation centers to house suspected patients. They included tertiary as well as secondary care institutions covering most districts in the island. This was an important measure to ensure local preparedness to respond to a large number of suspected and confirmed cases as was reported in China and Europe during that period.

Hospitals with isolation centers, however, continue to provide the usual diverse health-care services, other than routine clinics, to the general public. Patients at risk, i.e., those with noncommunicable diseases, elderly patients, and pregnant women, are discouraged to attend the clinics. As many of these patients depend on freely issued medication, they are given options to get their prescribed medicine delivered to their residence or to be issued to a relative visiting the clinic. This arrangement was possible as the hospitals have well-maintained clinic registers with patient information. COVID-19 surveillance was expanded using existing respiratory disease surveillance systems and hospital-based surveillance. Heads of all the state health-care institutions were strongly advised by the health authorities not to deprive any patient of their usual standard of care due to their COVID-19 status. Such directions are vital to ensure the general well-being of the majority while caring for the directly affected, as the general public highly depends on state hospitals for any medical emergency and inpatient care.

The central health-care authority further advised and guided all the tertiary and secondary care hospitals including those with isolation centers to make arrangements to immediately scale up their COVID-19 preparedness as and when necessitated, based on the crisis status. The preparedness plan of the said hospitals included the establishment of a COVID-19 operational cell, outpatient and emergency department care, establishment of a designated COVID-19 suspected section/ward, provision of critical care for non-COVID and COVID suspected patients, safe transferring of patients to a COVID-19 designated/isolation hospital, ensuring safety of health-care staff, and managing COVID-19 cured patients ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020b ). The COVID-19 operational cell is established with the expectation to ensure effective and collective decision-making at the hospital level at a critical time, and it consisted of the Head of the Institution, relevant consultants, and persons in-charge of other staff. The authorities had identified that ensuring the safety of staff is crucial in effectively managing the pandemic. Thus, supply of personal protective equipment (PPE), provision of required infrastructure and transport, continuous education and awareness programs, provision of psychological support, and ensuring surge capacity by deploying an adequate number of staff from other units of the hospital if needed were considered as essential steps to be taken at all hospitals to ascertain safety and well-being of the staff.

The Ministry of Health in no time published the guidelines for clinical management of COVID-19 ( Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services, 2020b ). These guidelines, compiled by a group of expert medical practitioners in the country, highlight the importance of early case detection, prompt isolation of ill people, appropriate and timely management of patients, comprehensive contact tracing, and immediate quarantine of all possible contacts to minimize widespread community transmission to mitigate a major outbreak and associated mortality. The guidelines have even provided insight to develop the capacity of the health sector to be prepared to successfully handle any outbreak. Uniform and systematic management of all COVID-19 patients is ensured by the guideline, which is strictly followed at all state hospitals, where COVID-19 patients are managed. The private sector was not permitted to manage COVID-19 patients initially.

Disease diagnosis was limited to PCR tests during the first wave. Majority of the tests were done by the Medical Research Institute (MRI). With the rise in patient numbers during the first wave, the PCR testing facilities were established in state hospital laboratories and other government institutions, viz. universities in parallel to upgrading hospital facilities, as the authorities foresaw the need of bulk testing. In order to prevent over burdening of the laboratories, the treatment and isolation hospitals were assigned with specific laboratories for diagnostic testing.

2.4. COVID-19 community health services

The MOHs providing community health services are effectively utilized in engaging the public in quarantine and self-isolation activities where necessary. The close contacts of COVID-19 positive persons are quarantined at home or specially designated quarantine centers for 14 days irrespective of their initial PCR results. When people are home quarantined, the PHIs of the relevant MOH area is made responsible to ensure, the people under quarantine are made aware of the need to quarantine, and their basic needs such as food and other medical needs are fulfilled. The PHIs are the ideal resource persons that could be deployed to ensure the quarantine process is proper and adequate because they are the field health officers who are familiar with the neighborhood and the general requirements of the people in the area. The first wave of the pandemic halted the services of field clinics for pregnant women and the child immunization program, which are otherwise successfully handled by the PHMs in the country. However, their well-established communication network with the public has enabled them to continuously support and guide women in pregnancy-related matters and childcare. The Family Health Bureau functioning under the Ministry of Health released specific guidelines to ensure uninterrupted field maternal and child health-care services for lockdown areas and quarantined families. Safety of both the health-care workers as well as the community is given attention while guidance on field care and hospital care is provided in the instructions to field workers ( Adikari et al., 2020 ). The need of continuous therapeutic communication was also highlighted to assure that necessary mental and emotional support is extended to the community as domestic violence is inevitable at a time when people are struggling to make a living while surviving a pandemic.

3. The public responsiveness

COVID-19 pandemic has created anxiety and uncertainty, worsening the economic crisis globally, in a similar or worse manner than other pandemics have. However, it is the worst and possibly the first pandemic that the current population is experiencing during their lifetime. In that light, the current Sri Lankan population has not even experienced an epidemic that is slightly in par with the COVID-19 pandemic. The worst epidemic faced by Sri Lankans in the recent past was the Dengue epidemic in 2017. A few H1N1 outbreaks in the recent past raised the alertness of the health sector, but the risk was not sensed significantly by the general public. Thus, similarly to the majority of the world's population, the COVID-19 pandemic is a novel experience to Sri Lankans.

Although the authorities imposed restrictions on overseas visitors in a gradual manner at the emergence of the first wave, i.e., over more than 6 weeks from the first patient being reported, a public holiday was declared abruptly overnight with a slight rise of the number of patients. The holiday was extended for several days and curfew was imposed on the entire country which lasted for 52 days. This unexpected sudden lockdown immensely affected the lives of general public. The fundamental challenge for the urban population was to secure their food and medical needs. The government authorities worked out to allow essential services to function under special permission and extremely high restrictions. Mobile vending was encouraged and well guided. The postal service workers were deployed to deliver medicine to patients being followed up at state hospital clinics. The public was very much enthusiastic to grow their own vegetables and cooking their own meals during the curfew period. Gardening and cooking became good hobbies for many people who used to work strenuously at offices. Many people made use of such opportunities to rebond with families which they had missed due to their hectic lifestyles. On the contrary, another portion of the society who depends largely on daily wages lost their livelihood due to the lockdown. Challenges faced by them are discussed in a later section in this chapter.

The Sri Lanka COVID-19 Healthcare and Social Security Fund was introduced by the President. The general public, government servants, and private entrepreneurs contributed generously in different scales to the fund. In addition, they assured direct donations of medical equipment, food, and other necessities to other needy entities. Many garment factories ran out of their regular orders. However, they started producing face masks and other PPE in large scales to meet the increasing demand in the country.

4. Traditional social practices

Sri Lanka is a multiethnic country with different cultures, practices, and beliefs. The current generation is often criticized by the older generation for ignoring the rich traditional cultures and practices and embracing more of western practices. The COVID-19 pandemic has now granted an opportunity for Sri Lankans to apply such cultural practices in the day-to-day lives. The traditional way of greeting in Sri Lanka is to join the palms together and to wish “ Ayubowan ” (“may you live longer!”). At a time when hand shaking is discouraged globally to avoid physical contact with outsiders, Sri Lankans found it intriguing to readopt their own way of greeting which does not involve physical contact. More fascinatingly the greeting gives out an energetic vibe when people wish good health and long life at a time they need it the most.

Quarantining became a new term for the general public. But the concept is not. Sri Lankans get self-isolated for 14–21 days when they contract contagious diseases such as chicken pox, measles, and mumps. Although curative allopathic medicine for such diseases is available currently, patient isolation and warning of visitors by hanging Neem leaves at the entrance to the house are still practiced by many. The health promotion workers used this traditional practice to make the public aware and understand the requirement of home quarantining.

One other strong advice given to the general public is that, before entering the house after being outside they should remove all clothing and footwear and shower outside if possible. The older generations in Sri Lanka have long been practicing such manners, or at least are familiar with such practices. Hence people are not reluctant to adhere to similar advice by the health authorities. Sri Lankans frequently consume ginger, coriander, and many other spices. There is belief that such spices can boost immunity, and thus play a protective role against the Coronavirus. Therefore, with the onset of the pandemic, the use of such home remedies has increased. Steam inhaling, another practice of traditional household to ease the sinuses, and upper respiratory tract infections, has lately become a common practice among many.

Having a Buddhist majority, Buddhist temples started enchanting the Ratana sutta (Jewel discourse) with belief that it protects a person or society from evil influences and pestilences. Similarly, there have been many religious rituals carried out by others including the Christian churches and Hindu temples. Such religious practices close to the people's heart may help to uplift the spiritual well-being of the public.

5. The geographic location of the country

There is evidence that countries closer to the equator have lower COVID-19 fatality rates than those that are away from the equator ( Whittemore, 2020 ). Having exposed to optimum levels of sunlight prevents vitamin D deficiency, a reason associated with COVID-19 deaths ( Whittemore, 2020 ). Moreover, sunlight can be used as a disinfectant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as it is known to be inactivated in 30 min at 56°C ( Eslami & Jalili, 2020 ; Whittemore, 2020 ). Being closer to the equator, Sri Lanka has a hot climate year around and can be considered a blessing in mitigating the effects of the virus.

Sri Lanka encompasses a limited number of ports to enter the country. The main international airport is the Bandaranayake International Airport among four other airports with less international functioning. There are seven seaports in the country, the Colombo port being the largest and busiest. As one of the very first precautionary actions against COVID-19 spread, the airports started monitoring the temperature of the passengers. It is undoubtedly an important step as the first COVID-19 patient was identified at the departure terminal when under surveillance ( Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, 2020 ). From the first week of March 2020, passengers arriving from high-risk countries were sent for 14 days essential quarantine at centers specifically set up by the Sri Lanka Army to control the entry of COVID-19 patients to the country. The government decided to totally suspend all passenger flight and ship arrivals into Sri Lanka from third week of March 2020, with the gradual increase of patients reported in the country ( Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, 2020 ). Being an island placed Sri Lanka in an advantageous position in controlling and surveillance of patients entering the country.

6. The role of military and police on COVID-19 management in Sri Lanka

As a country, Sri Lanka took strong measures to manage and mitigate the crisis at the initial stages of the pandemic and continue with the same. The government deployed the Tri-forces—Army, Navy, and the Air force—as well as the Police in different activities related to the management of the pandemic. Among the key activities are facilitating quarantine/isolation services, services at the COVID-19 intermediate care centers for nonsymptomatic patients, and community behavior control. Society believes that the proactive contribution of health professionals and the military personnel in battling against COVID-19 is the major reason for keeping the pandemic under control. When compared to some countries with a similar socioeconomic setting, Sri Lanka so far has successfully managed the pandemic while minimizing deaths. According to the report on combating COVID-19 Sri Lankan approach by the State Intelligence Service, the first line of the operations of preventing the spread of COVID-19 is through the military, police, and Intelligence sector of the country ( State Intelligence Service, 2020 ). The major task of this line of operations was to sustain the magnitude of the pandemic into a manageable scale for the medical and health-care sectors. There are three major components of this process, i.e., detection, isolation, and tracing ( Fig. 10.2 ). The Ministry of Defense has taken the lead in coordinating between all these agencies in this first line of operations in Sri Lanka. In addition, the forces are at the forefront of border management to control the entry of infected persons from overseas.

Major components of the operations undertaken by the military, police, and intelligence sector of Sri Lanka to prevent the spread of COVID-19.

Roping the military in community behavior control could restrict the public freedom; nevertheless, the military has been one of the key supporters of crisis assistance and thus of humanitarian aid ( Jayasena & Chinthaka, 2020 ). In this regard, as the first line of operations, members of the military built a national resilience against the pandemic situation.

7. The role of media on COVID-19 management in Sri Lanka

Dissemination of accurate, reliable, and useful information to the public is crucial for any disaster management effort. Mass media acts as a powerful force in shaping people's attitudes and ideas. Publishing the right information regarding the pandemic situation in the country to the local and international community is critical to keep them well-informed. In this regard, there are different types of sources of information in operation. Presidential Media Division acts as the official source of information for all the initiatives, actions, and progress regarding the process of combating the COVID-19 pandemic by providing the right information to the public through its website and social media. During this crisis period, traditional media including television (TV) channels, radio channels, and newspapers, in addition to social media forums, contribute significantly to the dissemination of correct information to the community ( Hettiarachchi et al., 2020 ). Positive health practices are well promoted by the mass media via different advertisements to increase public awareness and control the spread of the disease in the country. For instance, for groups with inadequate literacy rates such as younger children (e.g., preschool level) and adults who are less conversant with reading, pictorial or video messages are the best source of information, especially on disease preventive measures such as wearing masks and washing hands. Experts from different fields have extensively used state and private media (both TV and radio channels), social media platforms to share the correct information with the general public through discussions and programs. Many TV commercials appeared with creative messages that encompass essential information to reduce exposure, social distancing, hand washing, face protection etiquette, etc.

However, since the recent past, there is an increasing concern about the misinformation spread especially by social media. There have been reports on unethical behavior of local media who had reported recognizable personal information, publishing the ethnicity of the COVID-19 patients which leads to stigmatization in the society ( Ayub, 2020 ). On the other hand, the spread of fake news via social media platforms has significantly risen which mislead the community perception regarding COVID-19 spread, its causes, and prevention ( Limaye et al., 2020 ). Many social media groups target providing “hot news” without verifying the sources and reliability.

7.1. Official COVID-19 information websites in Sri Lanka at a glance

As the COVID-19 outbreak is considered a health emergency in Sri Lanka, the government websites, especially the website of the Ministry of Health, are the official sources of information. The Ministry of Health website provides essential information on summary statistics including active cases and number recovered as well as deaths by each district. In addition, details on hospital admissions and tests carried out (PCR) are included. A Presidential Taskforce hotline is available on the Ministry of Health website for any emergency information ( Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka, home page ). Other important information including notices, guidelines, letters, and circulars are displayed on the website and these are updated frequently to provide the latest information ( Figure 10.3 , Figure 10.4 ).

Guidelines on general preventive measures for work settings.

Preventive measures for special settings. The specific settings identified are displayed.

8. Risk communication plan

In any disaster, risk communication plays a crucial role in the management and reducing impacts. The risk communication framework and risk communication plan for COVID-19 in Sri Lanka were developed by the Health Promotion Bureau of the Ministry of Health in January 2020. Accordingly, the risk communication plan consists of four phases ( Health Promotion Bureau, 2020 ) ( Table 10.1 ).

Table 10.1

Four phases of the COVID-19 risk communication plan in Sri Lanka.

However, the control strategies implemented in the country have been reported to be effective with at least 50% contact rate reduction or with at least 40% isolation of the contact history of infected population ( Erandi et al., 2020 ).

9. Challenges faced

COVID-19 pandemic is not only affecting physical and mental health but also disrupting lives and livelihoods. Many pressing concerns and challenges are being increasingly appearing in the “new normal” status of the pandemic. New problems have emerged in economic development at both local and national levels and beyond as “business as usual” scenarios have changed. In times of uncertainty and with a plethora of regulations to manage the pandemic many vulnerable groups including poor and marginalized communities, part-time and temporary workers, low-income households, fishery and agricultural workers, and self-employed individuals are severely affected ( Deyshappriya, 2020 ). Hospitality, apparel, and other export-oriented industries on which a considerable portion of the country's economy rely on are facing the greatest challenges. The exceptional and sudden increased costs of health care and safety management have taken the country's focus away from some essential developmental activities.

The interruption caused to the social structure is formidable. As Sri Lanka is a country with a social fabric of interconnected societal segments of family members, relatives, and friends, social isolation, quarantine, and lockdowns have affected psychosocial health. Among the most vulnerable groups are the poor, women, children, sick, and elderly. Restrictions on social gatherings that include religious rituals, cultural events, functions, sports, and leisure activities have hit the society badly. The virtual work environment has resulted in individuals being restricted to their homes and weakened social cohesion and discontent.

10. Conclusion

COVID-19 is still spreading globally at an alarming rate. While some countries that were fortunate to fully or nearly fully vaccinate their populations fight to restore health and normal life, some countries are still far from coming out of the COVID-19 disaster. Even though with unprecedented challenges, Sri Lanka's struggle to control the emergency situation which is basically managed by the health authorities and supported by other agencies has been successful to date. Specifically, the three-tier approach adopted has generated fruitful results. Public responsiveness to successful containment of the disease is increasingly evident. The media and the armed forces extend help in managing the pandemic situation. Yet, the pandemic has necessitated the need for a broader and integrated attempt to understand and act on many pressing socioeconomic concerns and as issues that are growing day by day.

Acknowledgment

We profoundly thank Dr. Sachini Amarasekara of the Department of Zoology and Environment Science, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka, for the English Language check.

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Ah, Korona kaaley! These times of corona, when completely new words, words with little currency before, or old words transformed with new meanings have come to define our lives. Like many momentous events in history, the current pandemic has also enhanced the languages that we speak.  English is nothing if not a language that has [...]

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Words, spoken and written in the times of Corona

Ah, Korona kaaley! These times of corona, when completely new words, words with little currency before, or old words transformed with new meanings have come to define our lives.

Like many momentous events in history, the current pandemic has also enhanced the languages that we speak.  English is nothing if not a language that has borrowed from colonized nations, invasions, world wars, civil wars (our own gave us a small arsenal of trilingual words over the 30 years), and now, the pandemic. Soon after the first outbreak in Wuhan, the medical world defined the disease with the highly technical Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCov). Then, thankfully it evolved into the much more user-friendly COVID-19, Coronavirus, and the far more commonly used Corona, that suits our Sinhala and Tamil syllable structures just fine. Informal spelling has offered the even simpler choice of korona with a “k”.

A quick Google search of “covid-related words” will throw up articles and glossaries compiled by dictionary makers (Merriam-Webster’s Guide to Coronavirus related words), universities (University of Pennsylvania has another delightful glossary), news agencies (BBC Worklife has an extensive linguistic analysis). Even IELTS the global language testing syndicate has a cram note on COVID related vocabulary.

International news tells us about anti-maskers and anti-mask protests.  Even the largely US phenomenon of Karen took on a pandemic-related sheen when her intolerance of African-Americans extended to safety regulations, so now we have the anti-mask Karen. Of course, Karens of all genders and hues exist everywhere: no state is really free of their covidiots, even as we learned the incremental semantics of an outbreak that became an epidemic,and then a pandemic.

At home, the long lockdown was imposed as a curfew, a much more familiar experience. As it got extended, we waited for food and other essentials to come to us.  And they soon did, in vegetable lorries, fish lorries, and coconut trucks. Online shopping and supermarket deliveries took off.  Some banks even converted buses into mobile ATMs. It was not easy, but we did survive, even joking about korona kaaley vaasey and korona kaaley aaley (life and love in the times of Corona).

Isolation, self-isolation, quarantine and self-quarantine became verbs as well as nouns.  Quarantine centres was coined as some countries, including ours, set up, and formalized the two weeks of quarantine.

Revealing our preference for long names in shortened forms in officialese, the new National Operation Centre for the Prevention of COVID- 19 Outbreak became the NOCPCO, an initialism nesting the acronym. We heard much more about our PHIs, our preferred abbreviation for Public Health Inspectors, who did contact tracing, quarantine checks and other important tasks. Multiword compounds appeared in headlines, one of the longest being triforces managed quarantine centres.  News reports took on the familiar language of terrorism and crime:  individuals suspected of corona, COVID suspects, suspected patients, detainees at Kandakadu, escapees from Kandakadu etc. Reporting guidelines were issued when the more hysterical reports became overtly racist.

Official documents like the daily update by the Health Promotion Bureau also show interesting coinages that reflect our local reality. Their categories include “Number of COVID-19 suspected patients” “confirmed and hospitalized” and “suspected and hospitalized.” To quarantining Sri Lankans, “home quarantine” is more specific than self-quarantine – it refers to the two week quarantine at home after the two weeks at a quarantine centre.  More recently, luxury resorts emptied of tourists have become quarantine hotels for the more affluent, for paid quarantine.

Our frontline workers became our suwaviruwo (health heroes), but at times we also demonised COVID patients, disparaged colloquially as korona kaarayo .

The advent of teaching and working online brought a whole new set of words. Some were new, some took on new meaning, some were renewed by their frequent use. We had to get used to online teaching platforms, and globally, Zoom dominated WFH (work from home) and remote teaching technology, so we hosted Zoom meetings and Zoom classes. Some also discovered the joys of MS Teams and Google Classrooms.  Teachers learnt to share screens and to send notes on Whatsapp. Data and connectivity took on new meaning, with photographs of keen students studying on rooftops to catch the signal.A bilingual 10-year-old, tired of his daily schedule of online learning, complained about his koro kalaas .  Bored at home under lockdown, the pandemic became rona, the Rona, and even Ms Rona, giving it a troubling female identity.

Working from home in the new normal, it was wise to have a Zoom blouse or Zoom shirt at hand to slip on quickly when bosses called an unexpected online meeting.  Webinars replaced all sorts of seminars and conferences, which you can attend from home, and interact in a limited way in the chat box. We learnt the etiquette of muting and unmuting after a few admonishes of “Please mute your mic!” when participants in, say, Washington DC heard the choon paan van in the background.

This year we had a lockdown New Year, a lockdown Easter, a lockdown Vesak, and a lockdown Ramadan, briefly making the pandemic something of a sombre equalizer. As more countries imposed lockdowns and airports continued to stay closed and we began to miss our migrant relatives, we held Zoom parties and Zoom family reunions to ease things a bit. Even a few Zoom weddings were experimented on, with guests joining in from all around the world. Some corporate tycoons, deprived of their clubs, met up for Zoom drinks. Zoom for the children of the pandemic might even lose its pre-COVID meaning.

When children went back to school after the Corona nivaaduwa , “ Ko sanitizer?” asked a school prefect at the entrance of a school in Sri Jayawardenepura. If you hadn’t  brought your own, you were directed to wash your hands at the new sinks with pedal-operated taps. In a boys’ school south of Colombo, your mask was a corona gotta , beautifully capturing the purpose and the pain of having to wear a face covering in these humid monsoonal months.

Elsewhere, security guards continue to check temperatures with forehead thermometers. Pedal operated hand washing stands also guard entrances, some even with pedal-operated soap dispensers. We continue to follow most safety precautions, as fears of community spread,  require social distancing. Still, we’re not hoping for herd immunity like in some parts of the developed world, where a second wave continues to kill hundreds, while their bumptious leaders continue to coin their COVID-related euphemisms.

(The writer is a senior lecturer at the Department of English, University of Kelaniya)

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Letters to the editor, appreciations, a portuguese pitstop, the one that got away – yadushika radhakrishnan, shaping our living spaces for tomorrow, tour guides gain insights into our colonial architectural heritage, a forest is much more than just a collection of trees, national trust lecture on british rule and lankan historiography, acwbc: new committee members, “you are loved”: a strong social message on suicide prevention, sepalika mawatha at long last.

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COVID-19 එන්නත් මගින් වන අතුරු ආබාධ හමුවේ නිසි පරිදි කටයුතු කිරීම (Handling Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines)

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චොප්ස්ටික්ස් සහ හැන්දක් භාවිතා කරන්න (Use serving chopsticks and spoon)

විෂබීජ පතුරවන්න එපා වැසිකිළිය භාවිතා කිරීමෙන් පසු, වතුර ගැසීමට පෙර වැසිකිළි පියන පහළට දමන්න (Don't spread germs: After using toilet, put the toilet lid down before flushing)

ජලාපවහන නල නිසි ලෙස නඩත්තු කිරීම සහ යූ-උගුල් වලට නිතිපතා ජලය එක් කිරීම (Maintain drainage pipes properly and add water to the U-traps regularly)

ඔබ අවට සිටින අයට විෂබීජ පතුරවන්න එපා (Don't spread germs to those around you: Cover your cough)

කැස්සට අදාළ හොඳ පුරුදු පවත්වා ගන්න (Maintain Cough Manners)

ශල්‍ය මුඛ ආවරණය නිසි ලෙස පැළඳීම (Wear a Surgical Mask Properly)

මුඛ ආවරණයක් නිසි ඉවත් කිරීම සහ ආරක්ෂිතව බැහැර කිරීම (Proper Removal and Safe Disposal of a Surgical Mask)

ශල්‍ය මුව ආවරණ ගැන වැඩි විස්තර දැනගන්න (Know more about Surgical Mask)

මුඛ ආවරණය නිසි ලෙස භාවිතා කරන්න - තමන්ව සහ අන් අයව ආරක්ෂා කරන්න (Use mask properly – Protect ourselves and protect others)

අත් ස්වස්ථතාව - ආසාදන වැලැක්වීමට පහසු සහ ඵලදායී ක්‍රමයක් (Hand Hygiene - An easy and effective way to prevent infection)

නියුමෝනියාව හා ශ්වසන ආසාදන වැළැක්වීම පිළිබඳ සෞඛ්‍ය උපදෙස් (සාරාංශ අනුවාදය) (Health Advice on Prevention of Pneumonia and Respiratory Tract Infection (Abstract version))

විවිධ (Miscellaneous)

ජලපවාහන නල නඩත්තුව ගැන ඔබ දැන ගැනීමට අවශ්ය මොනවාද (What you need to know about drainage pipe maintenance)

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Essay On Covid-19: 100, 200 and 300 Words

• Updated on  
• Apr 30, 2024

COVID-19, also known as the Coronavirus, is a global pandemic that has affected people all around the world. It first emerged in a lab in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and quickly spread to countries around the world. This virus was reportedly caused by SARS-CoV-2. Since then, it has spread rapidly to many countries, causing widespread illness and impacting our lives in numerous ways. This blog talks about the details of this virus and also drafts an essay on COVID-19 in 100, 200 and 300 words for students and professionals. 

Table of Contents

• 1 Essay On COVID-19 in English 100 Words
• 2 Essay On COVID-19 in 200 Words
• 3 Essay On COVID-19 in 300 Words
• 4 Short Essay on Covid-19

Essay On COVID-19 in English 100 Words

COVID-19, also known as the coronavirus, is a global pandemic. It started in late 2019 and has affected people all around the world. The virus spreads very quickly through someone’s sneeze and respiratory issues.

COVID-19 has had a significant impact on our lives, with lockdowns, travel restrictions, and changes in daily routines. To prevent the spread of COVID-19, we should wear masks, practice social distancing, and wash our hands frequently. 

People should follow social distancing and other safety guidelines and also learn the tricks to be safe stay healthy and work the whole challenging time. 

Also Read: National Safe Motherhood Day 2023

Essay On COVID-19 in 200 Words

COVID-19 also known as coronavirus, became a global health crisis in early 2020 and impacted mankind around the world. This virus is said to have originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019. It belongs to the coronavirus family and causes flu-like symptoms. It impacted the healthcare systems, economies and the daily lives of people all over the world. 

The most crucial aspect of COVID-19 is its highly spreadable nature. It is a communicable disease that spreads through various means such as coughs from infected persons, sneezes and communication. Due to its easy transmission leading to its outbreaks, there were many measures taken by the government from all over the world such as Lockdowns, Social Distancing, and wearing masks. 

There are many changes throughout the economic systems, and also in daily routines. Other measures such as schools opting for Online schooling, Remote work options available and restrictions on travel throughout the country and internationally. Subsequently, to cure and top its outbreak, the government started its vaccine campaigns, and other preventive measures. 

In conclusion, COVID-19 tested the patience and resilience of the mankind. This pandemic has taught people the importance of patience, effort and humbleness. 

Also Read : Essay on My Best Friend

Essay On COVID-19 in 300 Words

COVID-19, also known as the coronavirus, is a serious and contagious disease that has affected people worldwide. It was first discovered in late 2019 in Cina and then got spread in the whole world. It had a major impact on people’s life, their school, work and daily lives. 

COVID-19 is primarily transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets produced and through sneezes, and coughs of an infected person. It can spread to thousands of people because of its highly contagious nature. To cure the widespread of this virus, there are thousands of steps taken by the people and the government. 

Wearing masks is one of the essential precautions to prevent the virus from spreading. Social distancing is another vital practice, which involves maintaining a safe distance from others to minimize close contact.

Very frequent handwashing is also very important to stop the spread of this virus. Proper hand hygiene can help remove any potential virus particles from our hands, reducing the risk of infection. 

In conclusion, the Coronavirus has changed people’s perspective on living. It has also changed people’s way of interacting and how to live. To deal with this virus, it is very important to follow the important guidelines such as masks, social distancing and techniques to wash your hands. Getting vaccinated is also very important to go back to normal life and cure this virus completely.

Also Read: Essay on Abortion in English in 650 Words

Short Essay on Covid-19

Please find below a sample of a short essay on Covid-19 for school students:

Also Read: Essay on Women’s Day in 200 and 500 words

to write an essay on COVID-19, understand your word limit and make sure to cover all the stages and symptoms of this disease. You need to highlight all the challenges and impacts of COVID-19. Do not forget to conclude your essay with positive precautionary measures.

Writing an essay on COVID-19 in 200 words requires you to cover all the challenges, impacts and precautions of this disease. You don’t need to describe all of these factors in brief, but make sure to add as many options as your word limit allows.

The full form for COVID-19 is Corona Virus Disease of 2019.

Related Reads

Hence, we hope that this blog has assisted you in comprehending with an essay on COVID-19. For more information on such interesting topics, visit our essay writing page and follow Leverage Edu.

Simran Popli

An avid writer and a creative person. With an experience of 1.5 years content writing, Simran has worked with different areas. From medical to working in a marketing agency with different clients to Ed-tech company, the journey has been diverse. Creative, vivacious and patient are the words that describe her personality.

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• Paragraph Writing on Covid 19 - Check Samples with Various Word Counts

Examples of Short Paragraph Writing On Covid 19 with Different Word Limits

The Covid-19 pandemic has been a severe global crisis, impacting almost everyone. It is a viral infection that has spread widely, affecting people in various ways. As a virus , it continues to evolve, leading to new variants. The pandemic has changed many aspects of daily life , including education and the economy. Many have lost their lives, jobs, and loved ones.

In this challenging time , Vedantu offers valuable support with online learning resources, helping students continue their education despite disruptions. By providing accessible and effective learning tools, Vedantu plays an important role in supporting students through these difficult times, ensuring they remain on track with their studies. Here, students can find short paragraph writing on Covid 19 in different word limits .

Read the article to learn how to write a Paragraph Writing on Covid 19.

Sample Paragraph Writing on COVID-19: How to Write Your Paragraph

To write a paragraph on Covid-19, start by introducing what the pandemic is and its global impact. Explain that Covid-19 is a viral infection that has affected millions of people around the world. Describe how it changed daily life, such as by disrupting the economy, education, and personal routines. Include specific examples, like the shift to online learning and the increase in remote work . Mention how the pandemic led to new health measures, such as social distancing and vaccinations. Conclude by summarising the overall impact and highlighting the importance of understanding these changes for future reference. Keep your sentences short and straightforward to ensure clarity.

Writing a 100-word Paragraph on COVID-19: A Simple Guide

Covid-19, caused by the novel coronavirus, greatly impacted the world. It spread rapidly, leading to a global health crisis. To control the virus, many countries implemented lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing measures. These actions affected daily life, with people losing jobs, facing financial hardships, and schools shifting to online learning. The pandemic also overwhelmed healthcare systems. Despite these challenges, the global effort to combat the virus, including vaccination drives and medical research, aimed to bring an end to the crisis. Understanding these points helps us understand the wide-reaching effects of Covid-19 on our lives.

Paragraph Writing on Covid 19 in 150 Words

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, began in late 2019 and rapidly spread across the globe, becoming one of the most challenging public health crises in recent history. This virus has led to a wide range of health issues, from mild symptoms to severe illness, causing significant loss of life. In response, countries introduced lockdowns, social distancing guidelines, and mask mandates, profoundly changing daily life and impacting various sectors. Educational institutions shifted to online learning, and many businesses adopted remote work or faced closures, leading to widespread economic difficulties. However, the swift development and distribution of vaccines have been crucial in managing the spread of the virus, significantly reducing severe cases and fatalities. The pandemic has underscored the importance of following public health guidelines, staying updated on health information, and supporting each other during these trying times. By understanding the pandemic's effects on health, society, and the economy, we can better navigate current challenges and prepare for future health crises. To conclude, Paragraph Writing On Covid 19 In 150 Words understanding the impact of COVID-19 helps us appreciate the importance of staying informed and prepared for future challenges.

Writing a 200-word Paragraph on COVID-19: A Simple Guide

COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, emerged in late 2019 and quickly escalated into a global pandemic. This virus spreads primarily through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It can lead to symptoms ranging from mild, such as a sore throat and fever , to severe conditions, including pneumonia and respiratory failure, which can be fatal. The pandemic has profoundly impacted every aspect of daily life, prompting governments worldwide to implement measures such as lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing. These interventions, while essential for controlling the spread of the virus, have led to significant changes in how people live and work. Many businesses and schools shut down, shifting to remote work and online learning as the new norm. The pandemic has highlighted the importance of adhering to public health practices like regular handwashing, wearing masks, and maintaining physical distance .

Vaccines, developed at unprecedented speed, have played a crucial role in mitigating the severity of the disease and reducing mortality rates. Despite these advances, the pandemic has exposed and often exacerbated existing health inequalities and underscored the need for global cooperation in health emergencies. By understanding the impacts of COVID-19, we can better appreciate the importance of preparedness and resilience in addressing future health crises. Adhering to health guidelines remains crucial for safeguarding ourselves and our communities.

Writing a 250-word Paragraph on COVID-19: A Simple Guide

COVID-19, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. It quickly evolved into a global pandemic, significantly altering daily life across the world. The virus spreads mainly through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking, but it can also be transmitted by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus and then touching the face. Symptoms range from mild, such as cough and fever, to severe, including pneumonia and difficulty breathing. The pandemic triggered unprecedented global responses, including lockdowns, travel restrictions, and social distancing measures. These actions, aimed at limiting the virus's spread, caused widespread disruptions to economies and education systems. Many businesses faced closures, and educational institutions shifted to remote learning, highlighting the need for digital infrastructure and adaptability. Healthcare systems worldwide faced immense pressure, revealing both strengths and weaknesses in pandemic preparedness. The rapid development and distribution of vaccines have been crucial in reducing severe illness and deaths. However, challenges remain, such as ensuring equitable vaccine distribution, managing public health compliance, and addressing the economic fallout. COVID-19 has underscored the importance of global collaboration and timely health interventions. It has shown the need for robust healthcare systems, effective communication , and individual responsibility in combating health crises. The pandemic has also emphasized the significance of science and technology in addressing global challenges and the importance of being prepared for future health emergencies. Continued vigilance, effective health strategies, and community solidarity are essential for overcoming the pandemic and mitigating its long-term impacts. Additionally, COVID-19 has highlighted the resilience and adaptability of communities around the world in the face of unprecedented challenges.

Examples for Paragraph Writing on Covid 19

Example 1: how covid-19 ended and vaccination’s role.

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, significantly impacted global health and daily life since late 2019. To combat the virus, countries introduced lockdowns, social distancing, and travel restrictions. The end of the pandemic began with the development and distribution of effective vaccines, which reduced severe cases and deaths. Mass vaccination campaigns worldwide, combined with public health measures, helped control the virus's spread. As more people were vaccinated and natural immunity developed, the number of new cases declined. By late 2021 and into 2022, many countries started easing restrictions, although the virus continued to circulate in various forms. Global cooperation and adherence to health guidelines played crucial roles in bringing the pandemic under control, though it remains important to monitor and manage ongoing cases.

Example 2: How COVID-19 Affected Everyone’s Daily Life

The COVID-19 pandemic affected everyone in profound ways. Individuals experienced disruptions in daily routines, with many facing job losses, financial difficulties, and isolation from loved ones due to lockdowns and social distancing. Schools shifted to online learning, creating challenges for students and parents alike. Healthcare systems were overwhelmed, with hospitals struggling to manage the surge in patients. Businesses faced closures and reduced operations, impacting economies globally. The pandemic also highlighted disparities in healthcare access and resources. Communities had to adapt to new ways of living, from wearing masks to changing work environments. Despite the difficulties, the pandemic showed the resilience of people worldwide and the importance of community support and public health measures in navigating such crises.

Test Your Knowledge of Paragraph Writing on Covid 19

Here are some engaging tasks for students to help them learn how to write a Paragraph on Covid 19:

Task 1 : Describe the Impact of COVID-19 on Daily Life.

Task 2 : Write a Paragraph on How Different Countries Handled the Pandemic.

Now Check Out if You Got them All Right from the Answers Below.

Task 1: describe the impact of covid-19 on daily life.

The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed people's daily lives around the world. With lockdowns and social distancing measures, many people had to adapt to working from home. Schools shifted to online learning, which presented challenges for both students and teachers in maintaining engagement and managing resources. Social interactions were limited to virtual meetings and phone calls, reducing face-to-face contact with friends and family. Many people adopted new habits, such as wearing masks and using hand sanitiser regularly, to stay safe. The pandemic also highlighted the importance of health and hygiene , influencing daily routines in profound ways.

Task 2: Write a Paragraph on How Different Countries Handled the Pandemic

During the COVID-19 pandemic, different countries adopted various strategies to manage the crisis. For example, New Zealand implemented early and strict lockdown measures, along with comprehensive testing and contact tracing, which effectively controlled the spread of the virus and allowed for quicker economic reopening. In contrast, the United States initially struggled with inconsistent lockdowns and testing shortages, leading to a higher number of cases. While the U.S. eventually increased vaccine distribution, the delayed response in the early months contributed to a more prolonged impact on public health. This comparison shows that early intervention and consistent measures can significantly influence the outcome of pandemic management.

Takeaways from this Page

This page on Paragraph Writing about COVID-19 gives a clear guide on how to write about the pandemic. It explains how to create well-structured paragraphs, using examples and tasks to make learning easier. Students will learn how to describe the impact of COVID-19, including its effects on daily life and the global response. The page also shows how to include important details and write clearly about the topic. By following the tips and examples provided, students will be able to write effective paragraphs on COVID-19 and understand its broader effects.

FAQs on Paragraph Writing on Covid 19 - Check Samples with Various Word Counts

1. What is the main focus of a paragraph writing on Covid 19?

The main focus is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. This includes its effects on health, daily life, and the global response. Keep your details clear and relevant.

2. How should I start a paragraph about COVID-19?

Begin with a clear topic sentence that introduces the main point about COVID-19. This could be about its spread, impact, or measures taken. Make sure it's engaging and informative.

3. What details should be included in the body of the paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Include key facts like how COVID-19 spread, its effects on people’s lives, and the response from governments. Use simple, direct language and relevant examples to explain these points.

4. How do I keep the short paragraph writing on Covid 19 focused?

Stick to the topic by focusing on specific aspects of COVID-19, such as its impact on daily routines or health. Avoid adding unrelated information to keep the paragraph clear and relevant.

5. What is a good way to end a paragraph writing on Covid 19?

End with a concluding sentence that sums up the main points. You might reflect on the overall impact of COVID-19 or mention ongoing changes and future outlooks.

6. How can I make my paragraph writing on Covid 19 interesting?

Use engaging examples and personal anecdotes if relevant. Describe how COVID-19 has specifically affected different aspects of life to make the paragraph more relatable and interesting.

7. Should I use technical terms in my paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Avoid using too many technical terms. Instead, use simple language that anyone can understand. Explain any necessary terms briefly to ensure clarity.

8. How do I organise my short paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Start with an introduction sentence, follow with detailed sentences about COVID-19’s impact, and end with a concluding sentence. This structure helps in presenting information.

9. How can I add depth to my short paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Include various perspectives, such as how COVID-19 affected different groups of people. Providing specific examples and detailed explanations adds depth and richness to your writing.

10. What should I avoid in my paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Avoid including personal opinions or speculative information. Stick to factual, relevant details about COVID-19 to maintain objectivity and accuracy.

11. How can I check if my paragraph writing on Covid 19 is clear?

Read your paragraph out loud to see if it flows well. Ask someone else to read it and provide feedback on clarity and understanding. Make sure each sentence contributes to the main point.

12. Can I use quotes or statistics in my short paragraph writing on Covid 19?

Yes, using quotes or statistics can add credibility to your paragraph. Just make sure to explain them clearly and relate them directly to the main points about COVID-19.

Coronavirus has led to an explosion of new words and phrases – and that helps us cope

Associate Professor in Sociolinguistics, Birmingham City University

Disclosure statement

Robert Lawson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

Birmingham City University provides funding as a member of The Conversation UK.

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As the world comes to grips with the “new normal” coronavirus has wrought on our towns, cities and communities, society faces the challenge of figuring out how to talk about the impact the virus is having on our everyday lives.

Coronavirus has led to an explosion of new words and phrases, both in English and in other languages . This new vocabulary helps us make sense of the changes that have suddenly become part of our everyday lives.

Established terms such as “self-isolating”, “pandemic”, “quarantine”, “lockdown” and “key workers” have increased in use, while coronavirus/COVID-19 neologisms are being coined quicker than ever.

These include “covidiot” (someone ignoring public health advice), “covideo party” (online parties via Zoom or Skype), and “covexit” (the strategy for exiting lockdown), while coronavirus has acquired new descriptors – including “the ‘rona” and “Miley Cyrus” (Cockney rhyming slang).

Other terms deal with the material changes in our everyday lives, from “Blursday” (an unspecified day because of lockdown’s disorientating effect on time), to “zoombombing” (hijacking a Zoom videocall). “WFH” (working from home) and “quaranteams” (online teams created during lockdown) are helping people deal with changing work circumstances.

This is to say nothing of the metaphors people are using to talk about our response to Coronavirus, from war metaphors – for example, Boris Johnson’s briefing where he stated that: “This enemy can be deadly, but it is also beatable” – to sports , storms , monsters , natural disasters , and more .

Linguists are already starting to analyse these metaphors, while Veronika Koller of Lancaster University is crowdsourcing the non-war metaphors that people use (readers can contribute to this repository via Twitter using the #ReframeCovid hashtag).

Attention has also been paid to how effective different metaphors are in encouraging compliance with public health advice, as well as issues of translation, interpretation and access to healthcare .

The language of social crises

While the scope of lexical innovation in relation to coronavirus is unprecedented, we only need to look to other periods of history to see how such linguistic creativity manifests itself in times of serious social crisis.

World War II gave us “radar” (RAdio Detection And Ranging) as well as “fubar” (Fucked Up Beyond All Recognition), “snafu” (Status Nominal: All Fucked Up, although Situation Normal All Fucked Up is also a common interpretation).

From Vietnam we got both “clusterfuck” (a mishandled or disorganised situation) and “fragging” (the deliberate killing of an unpopular member of one’s own fighting unit, from the shortening of fragmentation grenade).

More recently, the UK’s departure from the EU (colloquially known as “Brexit”) gave us a variety of terms including “brexiteers”, “remoaners”, and “regrexit” – while conversations were dominated by new concepts such as “backstops”, “hard borders”, and “cliff edges”.

For major health pandemics, the lasting effect on language is usually that the name of the disease enters common parlance, as happened with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Spanish Flu (1918-1920), SARS (2002-2004), Swine Flu (2009) and others. But coronavirus has flipped the script and appears to be influencing public discourse beyond simply adding a new disease to the dictionary.

Given this process of lexical innovation, there are two questions worth asking: why are new coronavirus-inspired terms coined in the first place? And why have these terms found purchase in our lives so quickly? After all, new words are introduced all the time , but few of them enter the wider public consciousness in the way we’ve seen with coronavirus terminology.

Language unites

In his widely cited article on linguistic creativity , Ronald Carter, former Professor of modern English language at the University of Nottingham, makes the point that “verbal play is often undertaken for humorous purposes, serving in part to bring people closer together”, as well as challenging the “normal” view of things. Carter goes on to argue that inventive language is not just ornamental, but practical.

In a mere three months, coronavirus has fundamentally changed our ways of living. It has closed businesses and transformed our working patterns. This new vocabulary has come to be a utilitarian shorthand for talking about coronavirus-related issues – from the impact the virus has had on our working lives, to the influence of the lockdown measures – or even just a way to poke fun and laugh at the world around us. The outpouring of metaphors, neologisms and lexical innovations we have seen in the past few months points to the fact that linguistic creativity is a key part of language, reshaping our ways of engaging with the world.

This new vocabulary also helps people articulate their worries about the biggest health crisis we have seen in generations. It brings people together around a set of collective cultural reference points – a kind of lexical “social glue”. In the absence of the regular social contact, shared talk is an important part of helping people feel connected to one another.

Perhaps one of the biggest factors in the spread of coronavirus terminology is the fact that we’re more digitally connected than ever before – in a way we weren’t during the SARS outbreak in 2002 or the Swine Flu outbreak in 2009. Instant access social media is now an integral part of our lives – and we share content with friends and family through a variety of social media outlets. The scale of our online connections means that there are now far more opportunities for individuals to coin a new term and share it beyond their immediate local communities.

In times of significant social or civic change, linguistic creativity not only reflects the major preoccupations of the time, but also shows how people gather to talk about new challenges and contexts. As coronavirus rages on, understanding the language surrounding it will be ever more important.

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