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Abstract: | This study analysed the sustainability and annual reports of Shell for the years 2021, 2022, and 2023 using Fairclough’s three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The coherence between Shell’s sustainability claims and tangible actions are analysed critically within the overall theme of sustainability. The research highlights significant inconsistencies, revealing signs of greenwashing amongst progress in some areas. Within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine war, CEO succession, and the Milieudefensie climate case, Shell has acknowledged their global impact and importance of the role in the energy transition, aligning with international standards while simultaneously demonstrating greater transparency in recent statements. Despite these developments, Shell continues to rely on fossil fuels and carbon offsetting, raising questions about the true sustainability of their renewable efforts. In short, their sustainability performance remains more rhetorical than concrete. The findings also indicated strategic use of discourse, where more prominent messages are highlighted, while others are subtly embedded. This research underscores the complex and dichotomy of corporate sustainability within fossil fuel and energy companies, suggesting that further in-depth knowledge and time could yield additional insights. |
Item Type: | Essay (Master) |
Faculty: | BMS: Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences |
Subject: | 70 social sciences in general |
Programme: | Environmental and Energy Management MSc (69319) |
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Critic’s Notebook
The charged cultural conversation about pets and children — see “Chimp Crazy,” “childless cat ladies” and more — reveals the hidden contradictions of family life.
By Amanda Hess
Amanda Hess is a critic at large who writes about internet and pop culture.
“Monkey love is totally different than the way that you have love for your child,” Tonia Haddix, an exotic animal broker, says at the beginning of “Chimp Crazy,” the documentary HBO series investigating the world of chimpanzee ownership. “If it’s your natural born child, it’s just natural because you actually gave birth to that kid. But when you adopt a monkey, the bond is much, much deeper.”
“Chimp Crazy” arrives in a summer of cultural and political obsession about the place of animals in our family lives. When JD Vance became the Republican vice-presidential nominee, his 2021 comment about “childless cat ladies” resurfaced, positioning them as adversaries of the traditional family. New York magazine published a special issue questioning the ethics of pet ownership, featuring a polarizing essay from an anonymous mother who neglected her cat once her human baby arrived. In the background of these stories, you can hear the echoes of an internet-wide argument that pits companion animals against human children, pet and tot forced into a psychic battle for adult recognition.
These dynamics feel supercharged since 2020, the year when American family life — that insular institution that is expected to provide for all human care needs — became positively airtight. The coronavirus pandemic exaggerated a wider trend toward domestic isolation : pet owners spending more time with their animals, parents more time with their children, everyone less time with one another — except perhaps online, where our domestic scenes collide in a theater of grievance and stress.
When a cat, a dog or certainly a chimp scampers through a family story, it knocks it off-kilter, revealing its hypocrisies and its harms. In “Chimp Crazy,” Haddix emerges as the avatar for all the contradictions of the domestic ideal of private home care: She loves her chimp “babies” with such obsession that she traps them (and herself) in a miserable diorama of family life.
Haddix, a 50-something woman who describes herself as the “Dolly Parton of Chimps,” believes that God chose her to be a caretaker. She was a registered nurse before she became a live-in volunteer at a ramshackle chimp breeding facility in Missouri, where she speaks of a male chimp named Tonka as if she is his mother. Haddix also has two human children; she just loves them less, and says so on television.
As she appoints herself the parent to an imprisoned wild animal, she asserts an idealized form of mothering — one she describes as selfless, unending and pure. “Chimp Crazy” is the story of just how ruinous this idea of love can be, for the woman and the ape.
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The charged cultural conversation about pets and children — see "Chimp Crazy," "childless cat ladies" and more — reveals the hidden contradictions of family life.