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Education Standards

Radford university.

Learning Domain: Social Work

Standard: Basic Research Methodology

Lesson 10: Sampling in Qualitative Research

Lesson 11: qualitative measurement & rigor, lesson 12: qualitative design & data gathering, lesson 1: introduction to research, lesson 2: getting started with your research project, lesson 3: critical information literacy, lesson 4: paradigm, theory, and causality, lesson 5: research questions, lesson 6: ethics, lesson 7: measurement in quantitative research, lesson 8: sampling in quantitative research, lesson 9: quantitative research designs, powerpoint slides: sowk 621.01: research i: basic research methodology.

PowerPoint Slides: SOWK 621.01: Research I: Basic Research Methodology

The twelve lessons for SOWK 621.01: Research I: Basic Research Methodology as previously taught by Dr. Matthew DeCarlo at Radford University. Dr. DeCarlo and his team developed a complete package of materials that includes a textbook, ancillary materials, and a student workbook as part of a VIVA Open Course Grant.

The PowerPoint slides associated with the twelve lessons of the course, SOWK 621.01: Research I: Basic Research Methodology, as previously taught by Dr. Matthew DeCarlo at Radford University. 

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A COURSE IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2018.pptx

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This teaching paper is an introdcution to the field of research methodology as it enables beginners (students) to understand basic things about research, research techniques , research design and research procedure. The general aim behind this teaching paper is to facilitate the task of students to tackle this complicated field with confidence and ease.It covers a lot of courses and it can be taught to different levels of students: BA, MA and even PHd students.

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research methods and scientific writing ppt

Xochitl Ortiz

The authors felt during their several years of teaching experience that students fail to understand the books written on Research Methodology because generally they are written in technical language. Since this course is not taught before the Master’s degree, the students are not familiar with its vocabulary, methodology and course contents. The authors have made an attempt to write it in very non- technical language. It has been attempted that students who try to understand the research methodology through self-learning may also find it easy. The chapters are written with that approach. Even those students who intend to attain high level of knowledge of the research methodology in social sciences will find this book very helpful in understanding the basic concepts before they read any book on research methodology. This book is useful those students who offer the Research Methodology at Post Graduation and M.Phil. Level. This book is also very useful for Ph.D. Course Work examinations.

Anil Jharotia

Research is an important activity of any nation and societies for generating the information to its developments. Robust collection of qualitative information helps in the development of the any nations. Research & Development is an important tool for acquiring new knowledge in any field of human survival. Various type of problems and questions need to use research methodology depend on the rationale of researchers. How to use the research for finding answers of any research questions/problems.

https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR_Vol.6_Issue.3_March2019/Abstract_IJRR0011.html

International Journal of Research & Review (IJRR)

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research problem. It may be understood as a science of studying how research is done scientifically. In it we study the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in studying his research problem along with the logic behind them. It is necessary for the researcher to know not only the research methods/techniques but also the methodology. Researchers not only need to know how to develop certain indices or tests, how to calculate the mean, the mode, the median or the standard deviation or chi-square, how to apply particular research techniques, but they also need to know which of these methods or techniques, are relevant and which are not, and what would they mean and indicate and why. Researchers also need to understand the assumptions underlying various techniques and they need to know the criteria by which they can decide that certain techniques and procedures will be applicable to certain problems and others will not. All this means that it is necessary for the researcher to design his methodology for his problem as the same may differ from problem to problem.

Scholarly Communication and the Publish or Perish Pressures of Academia A volume in the Advances in Knowledge Acquisition, Transfer, and Management (AKATM) Book Series

Dr. Naresh A . Babariya , Alka V. Gohel

The most important of research methodology in research study it is necessary for a researcher to design a methodology for the problem chosen and systematically solves the problem. Formulation of the research problem is to decide on a broad subject area on which has thorough knowledge and second important responsibility in research is to compare findings, it is literature review plays an extremely important role. The literature review is part of the research process and makes a valuable contribution to almost every operational step. A good research design provides information concerning with the selection of the sample population treatments and controls to be imposed and research work cannot be undertaken without sampling. Collecting the data and create data structure as organizing the data, analyzing the data help of different statistical method, summarizing the analysis, and using these results for making judgments, decisions and predictions. Keywords: Research Problem, Economical Plan, Developing Ideas, Research Strategy, Sampling Design, Theoretical Procedures, Experimental Studies, Numerical Schemes, Statistical Techniques.

Hafizi Saari

Dr. Moses Gweyi

This book is the outcome of more than four decades of experience of the author in teaching and research field. Research is a creative process and the topic of research methodology is complex and varied. The basic premise for writing this book is that research methods can be taught and learnt. The emphasis is on developing a research outlook and a frame of mind for carrying out research. The book presents current methodological techniques used in interdisciplinary research along with illustrated and worked out examples. This book is well equipped with fundamentals of research and research designs. All efforts have been made to present Research, its meaning, intention and usefulness. Focussed in designing of research programme, selection of variables, collection of data and their analysis to interpret the data are discussed extensively. Statistical tools are complemented with examples, making the complicated subject like statistics simplest usable form. The importance of software, like MS Excel, SPSS, for statistical analyses is included. Written in a simple language, it covers all aspects of management of data with details of statistical tools required for analysis in a research work. Complete with a glossary of key terms and guides to further reading, this book is an essential text for anyone coming to research for the first time and is widely relevant across the disciplines of sciences. This book is designed to introduce Masters, and doctoral students to the process of conducting scientific research in the life sciences, social sciences, education, public health, and related scientific disciplines. It conforms to the core syllabus of many universities and institutes. The target audience for this book includes those are going to start research as graduate students, junior researchers, and professors teaching courses on research methods. The book entitled “A guide to Research Methodology for Beginners” is succinct and compact by design focusing only on essential concepts rather than burden students with a voluminous text on top of their assigned readings. The book is structured into the following nine chapters. Chapter-1: What is Scientific Research? Chapter-2: Literature Review Chapter-3: How to develop a Research Questions & Hypotheses Chapter-4: Research Methods and the Research Design Chapter-5: Concept of Variables, Levels and Scales of Measurements for Data collection Chapter-6: Data Analysis, Management and Presentation Chapter-7: Tips for Writing Research Report Chapter-8: Glossary Related to Research Methodology Chapter-9: References It is a comprehensive and compact source for basic concepts in research and can serve as a stand-alone text or as a supplement to research readings in any doctoral seminar or research methods class. The target audience for this book includes those are going to start research as graduate students, junior researchers, and professors teaching courses on research methods.

Yuanita Damayanti

Khamis S Moh'd

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How to Write and Publish A Scientific Paper

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research methods and scientific writing ppt

Research Methodology and Scientific Writing

  • © 2021
  • Latest edition
  • C. George Thomas 0

Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India

You can also search for this author in PubMed   Google Scholar

  • Provides tips to improve the writing skills for research students
  • Deals with most interdisciplinary fields in Research such as Problems, Writing Proposals, Funding, Selecting Designs, Literature and Review, Collection of Data and Analysis, and Preparation of Thesis
  • Discusses the latest on the use of information technology in retrieving and managing information

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Research: Meaning and Purpose

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The Roadmap to Research: Fundamentals of a Multifaceted Research Process

research methods and scientific writing ppt

Research Questions and Research Design

  • Research Problems
  • Writing Proposals
  • Selecting Designs
  • Literature and Review
  • Collection of Data and Analysis
  • Preparation of Thesis

Table of contents (24 chapters)

Front matter, research: the search for knowledge.

C. George Thomas

Philosophy of Research

Approaches to research, major research methods, experimental research, collection and analysis of data, planning and writing a research proposal, publications and the library, academic databases, the literature review, preparation of research papers and other articles, the structure of a thesis, tables and illustrations, reasoning in research, references: how to cite and list correctly, improve your writing skills, use appropriate words and phrases, punctuation marks and abbreviations, units and numbers, authors and affiliations, about the author, bibliographic information.

Book Title : Research Methodology and Scientific Writing

Authors : C. George Thomas

DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64865-7

Publisher : Springer Cham

eBook Packages : Education , Education (R0)

Copyright Information : The Author(s) 2021

Hardcover ISBN : 978-3-030-64864-0 Published: 25 February 2021

Softcover ISBN : 978-3-030-64867-1 Published: 25 February 2022

eBook ISBN : 978-3-030-64865-7 Published: 24 February 2021

Edition Number : 2

Number of Pages : XVII, 620

Number of Illustrations : 25 b/w illustrations

Topics : Engineering/Technology Education , Writing Skills , Thesis and Dissertation

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research methodology writing a scientific research proposal

Research Methodology: Writing a Scientific Research Proposal

Oct 14, 2014

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Research Methodology: Writing a Scientific Research Proposal. Dean Sherzai MD, MAS Ayesha Z. Sherzai, MD, MAS. Writing a research proposal. Formulating a research problem. Conceptualize research design. Selecting a sample. Collecting and processing data. Introduction. A Quick Glance.

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Research Methodology: Writing a Scientific Research Proposal • Dean Sherzai MD, MAS • Ayesha Z. Sherzai, MD, MAS

Writing a research proposal Formulating a research problem Conceptualize research design Selecting a sample Collecting and processing data Introduction A Quick Glance

A research proposal has three main points: • Explanation of proposed research (what will be done) • Methods and techniques to be employed (how it will be done) • Novelty and importance of the study (why it should be done)

Organization • Title • Abstract • Introduction and Review • Research Hypothesis • Material and Methods • Conclusion and Justification • Bibliography

Title • Provide a specific summary of the proposed work • Minimal words, clear language

Abstract • One paragraph • Description of the hypothesis and the goals of the experiment • Readers can quickly assess the basic premise of your proposal

Introduction • Say it in the first paragraph! Readers can be impatient • “In the proposed study, we seek to examine...”

Review of the literature • Lengthiest part of proposal • Begin with basics, narrow the focus to pertinent proposed work • Use plenty of primary sources of information: Textbooks, journal articles, website (with caution!) • Cite appropriately

Identification of the knowledge gap • State what we do not know from reading the existing fund of knowledge • Justification for starting the project

Research Hypothesis • What is the hypothesis that you are testing? • What are the questions that you seek to answer? • Based on what is known in this field, explain what you expect to see and hope to show through your result

Material and Methods • Dictated by the nature of your research • Describe your data source, process of collection in detail • Describe the statistical analysis to be used, limitations

Conclusion and Justification • Explicitly state how your proposed research will advance knowledge • What are the far-reaching effects? Will your study potentially change practices or policies? Why is it that your research deserves funding?

Bibliography • Include all the resources that were used in the writing of the paper • Follow your guidelines for formatting

Bibliography • Example: • Agosti C, Borroni B, Akkawi NM, Bordonali T, Padovani A. Acute myocardial infarction presenting with transient global amnesia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2006; 6: 1004. • Jain S, Ton TG, Boudreau RM, et al. The Risk of Parkinson Disease Associated with Urate in a Community-Based Cohort of Older Adults. Neuroepidemiology. 2011; 4: 223-229.

A note on sources, paraphrasing and citations • Terse, clearcut, no artistic enhancement • Avoid quoting directly • Read the article, put it down, write it in your own words • Citations: Author, year

A note on voice • Active voice (“I” or “We”) • Switch between active and passive voice to avoid repetition

Important Points • Organized, well-written, concise, complete proposal = easier to conduct experiment • Good writing when paired with a thorough understanding of the subject matter is a valuable skill to possess

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[Updated 2023] Top 20 PowerPoint Templates to Devise a Systematic Research Methodology

[Updated 2023] Top 20 PowerPoint Templates to Devise a Systematic Research Methodology

Kritika Saini

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Developing a systematic research methodology is essential for conducting effective investigations. It ensures clarity, rigor, validity, replicability, ethical integrity, and efficiency in the research process. It serves as a roadmap that guides researchers through the study, enabling them to generate reliable findings and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective fields.

Research Methodology Templates to Conduct Rigorous and Reliable Research

By following a well-structured approach, you can enhance the efficiency of your research and produce meaningful results. Therefore, SlideTeam brings you a collection of content-ready and custom-made PPT templates to help you save time by providing pre-designed structures and frameworks for research methodologies. You can customize these templates to fit your specific projects, eliminating the need to create a methodology from scratch. 

This time-saving aspect allows you to focus more on the actual research process. Secondly, these ready-made templates provide you with consistency and standardization in methodologies. They ensure that essential elements are included and organized in a logical manner, making it easier for readers and reviewers to understand and evaluate the research. They also serve as a helpful guide, ensuring that researchers cover all necessary components and follow best practices. They provide a clear and structured format for learning about research methodologies and help researchers develop a systematic approach to their work. Overall, research methodology templates streamline the process, enhance consistency, and serve as educational resources for researchers at various levels of expertise.

Browse the collection below and ensure that your methodology is comprehensive and well-written. 

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Template 1: Research method PPT Template

Save time and ensure consistency with our research methodology template. Designed to streamline your research process, our content-ready template provides a pre-designed structure and framework for developing your methodology section. Use this actionable PPT to focus more on conducting your research while ensuring that all essential elements are covered and organized in a logical manner. Enhance your efficiency and maintain consistency with our research methodology template. 

ResearchMethod

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Template 2: Research Methodology Process Analysis Template

This is a content-ready PowerPoint template to maximize the effectiveness of your research. This professional and appealing template guides you step-by-step through the research process, from defining your research question to analyzing and interpreting data. With a structured framework in place, you can ensure that your methodology is comprehensive, rigorous, and adheres to best practices. Save time and maintain consistency by using our research methodology process template, empowering you to conduct high-quality research and generate meaningful insights.

Research Methodology

Template 3: Business Research Design and Methodology Template

Accelerate your business research endeavors with our business research methodology proposal template. This comprehensive e template provides a solid framework for crafting a well-structured and persuasive research proposal. Streamline the proposal development process by leveraging our template's pre-designed sections, including problem statement, research objectives, methodology, timeline, and budget. Present your proposal with confidence, knowing that you have followed a proven format and incorporated essential elements. Take your business research to the next level with our business research methodology proposal template. 

Business Research Design and Methodology Proposal

Template 4: Market Share Research Methodology Template

Wish to uncover valuable market insights? Deploy this ready-made PowerPoint template that simplifies the process of analyzing market share data, allowing you to assess your company's performance in relation to competitors. With pre-designed sections for data collection, analysis, and visualization, easily track market trends, identify growth opportunities, and make data-driven decisions. Save time and enhance your market research efforts with our market share research template, empowering you to stay ahead in a competitive business landscape. 

Market Share Research Methodology with Six Pentagonal Steps

Template 5: PESTEL Analysis Research Methodology PPT Template

Gain a comprehensive understanding of your business environment with our pre-designed PESTEL analysis research methodology template. This versatile template provides a structured framework for conducting a thorough analysis of the political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal factors impacting your industry or market. Easily identify key trends, opportunities, and risks by utilizing our pre-designed sections and guidance. Streamline your research process and make informed strategic decisions using our PESTEL Analysis research methodology template, ensuring your business stays ahead of the curve.

Pestel Analysis Research Methodology Chart Sample File

Template 6: Research Methodology with 3 Step Process Map PPT Template 

Looking for ways to create a research methodology process? Achieve research success with our content-ready PPT template which simplifies the research journey into three steps. Collect data, conduct research, and evaluate your findings to draw meaningful conclusions. With our template, you'll stay organized and ensure consistency throughout your research process. Maximize your research potential and achieve impactful results using our premium PPT slide.

Research Methodology with 3 Step Process Map

Template 7: Rational Sections Research Methodology Template

This is a well-structured PowerPoint template that features distinct sections that guide you through every aspect of your research. From clearly defining research objectives to selecting appropriate data collection methods, analyzing data, and interpreting results, this PPT slide ensures you cover all essential components. With pre-designed sections for literature review, research design, data analysis, and more, you can streamline your research process and maintain consistency. Harness the potential of each section in our research methodology template to conduct rigorous and impactful studies. 

Rational Sections Research Methodology Supplementary Program

Template 8: Research Methodology with Analysis PPT Template 

Unleash the power of data-driven insights with our ready-made PPT template. This all-inclusive template integrates research methodology and data analysis, providing a comprehensive framework for conducting robust studies. From defining research objectives to data collection, cleaning, and analysis, our template guides you through each step of the research process. With pre-designed sections for statistical analysis, visualizations, and interpretation, uncover meaningful patterns and trends in your data. Elevate your research endeavors with this actionable template and unlock valuable insights for informed decision-making.

Research Methodology with Analysis and Online Survey

Template 9: Research Methodology Workflow PPT Template 

Wish to optimize your research workflow? Use this content-ready PPT template that simplifies the process of planning, executing, and documenting your research methodology. With pre-designed sections for each stage, including research question formulation, data collection, analysis, and reporting, this pre-designed template ensures a structured and organized approach. Streamline your workflow, enhance collaboration, and maintain consistency throughout your research project with our professional and appealing PPT slide. 

Research Methodology Showing Identify Aims Test Workflow

Template 10: Research Methodology with Literature Review PPT Template

Deploy this content-ready PowerPoint template to elevate your research that showcases crucial elements of literature review, providing a seamless framework for conducting rigorous investigations. With this pre-designed PPT template exhibiting research objectives, appropriate methods, a thorough literature review, and findings with existing knowledge, you can save time, maintain consistency, and produce impactful research. Leverage our PPT template to uncover valuable insights and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in your field.

Research Methodology with Literature Review and Report Findings

Template 11: Framework of Exploratory Research Methodology PPT Template  

Embark on a journey of discovery and provide a structured framework for conducting exploratory research using our content-ready template. Delve into uncharted territories and uncover new insights by incorporating this premium template. Use this PPT slide to identify problem, data collection methods, analysis techniques, and interpretation. This PowerPoint template guides you through the exploratory research process. Unlock novel perspectives, generate hypotheses, and fuel innovation using our ready-made slide.

Framework of Exploratory Research Methodology

Template 12: 5 Steps Indicating Research Methodology Process PPT Template

Looking for ways to streamline your research journey? Deploy this content-ready PowerPoint template to simplify the research process into five clear and manageable steps: Define, Design, Collect, Analyze, and Report. Each step is accompanied by pre-designed sections, ensuring a systematic approach to your research project. From formulating research questions to presenting your findings, this premium template provides a structured framework for success. Save time, stay organized, and achieve research excellence with this ready-made template.

5 Steps indicating Research Methodology Process

Template 13: Graph of Primary Research Methodology PPT Template  

Experience the power of data-driven insights with this professional and appealing PPT template. Designed for primary research, this template offers a comprehensive framework that includes field trials, observations, interviews, focus groups, and surveys. Easily visualize and navigate through each stage of your research process, from data collection to analysis. Organize and document your findings to maximize the effectiveness of your primary research and make informed decisions using our ready to use PowerPoint template. 

Graph of Primary Research Methodology

Template 14: Research Methodology Framework of Market Analysis PPT Template 

Use this content-ready PPT template tailored specifically for market analysis to guide your research process. From defining research objectives to selecting appropriate data collection methods, analyzing market trends, and drawing meaningful conclusions, our template covers all essential aspects. Streamline your market analysis, maintain consistency, and make data-driven decisions with ease using our Research Methodology Framework for Market Analysis template. Stay ahead of the competition and capitalize on market opportunities. 

Research Methodology Framework of Market Analysis

Template 15: Four Steps Process of Research Methodology PPT Template 

This is a ready to use PPT template that provides you a structured and organized approach for your research methodology It includes a four-step process: Project Design, Data Acquisition, Data Analysis, and Strategy Recommendation to plan your research project, gather relevant data, analyze it using appropriate techniques, and derive actionable strategy recommendations. Save time and enhance the effectiveness of your research with our premium template, empowering you to make informed decisions and achieve impactful results.

Four Steps Process of Research Methodology

Template 16: Market Research Methodology and Techniques PPT Template 

This comprehensive template equips you with a range of methodologies and techniques to effectively study and understand your target market. From surveys and interviews to focus groups and data analysis, this premium template covers a wide array of research methods. It provides pre-designed sections for each technique, guiding you through the research process and ensuring consistency.

Market Research Methodology and Techniques

Template 17: Quantitative Market Research Methodology Framework PPT Template 

This template serves as a guide to direct your market research endeavors. Showcasing each stage of the research process, including research design, data collection methods, analysis techniques, and reporting, this template ensures a systematic approach to quantitative market research. Create professional and engaging presentations, highlighting your research methodology with ease.

Quantitative Market Research Methodology Framework

Template 18: Process Tree for Research Methodology PPT Template 

Use this content-ready PPT template that outlines the sequential steps involved in conducting a research study. It serves as a roadmap, depicting the flow of activities from research question formulation to data collection, analysis, and interpretation. Like the branches of a tree, each step branches out into sub-steps and tasks, highlighting the interconnectedness and dependencies. Grab this ready-made PowerPoint template that provides you with a clear and engaging overview, ensuring researchers stay organized and follow a systematic approach throughout their research journey.

Process Tree for Research Methodology

Template 19: Flowchart for Research Methodology PPT Template

Deploy this pre-designed PPT that illustrates the logical flow of steps and decisions involved in conducting a research study. Similar to a roadmap, it presents a series of interconnected boxes or shapes connected by arrows, representing the sequential progression of activities. Each box represents a specific task or process, and the arrows indicate the direction of the flow. Incorporate this PPT slide to help your audience understand the research process at a glance, making it engaging and crisp to follow the logical progression of their study.

Flowchart for Research Methodology with Design and Development

Template 20: Eleven Stage Process for Research Methodology PPT Template  

Unleash the power of simplicity in research methodology using our PPT template that eliminates complexity and guides you through each step effortlessly. From defining objectives to data analysis, we've got you covered. Simplify your research journey and unlock meaningful insights with ease.

Eleven Stage Process for Research Methodology

Our content-ready and custom-made templates empower researchers to streamline their work, save time, and maintain consistency. With its comprehensive structure and pre-designed sections, it simplifies the research process, ensuring all essential components are covered. Maximize your research potential and achieve impactful results with our user-friendly template.

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FAQs on Research Methodology

What are the four types of research methodology.

The four types of research methodology commonly used in academic and scientific studies are:

Descriptive Research: This type aims to describe and document the characteristics, behavior, and phenomena of a particular subject or population. It focuses on gathering information and providing an accurate portrayal of the research topic.

Experimental Research: This approach involves the manipulation and control of variables to establish cause-and-effect relationships. It often includes the use of control groups and random assignment to test hypotheses and draw conclusions.

Correlational Research: This methodology examines the statistical relationship between two or more variables without direct manipulation. It aims to identify patterns and associations between variables to understand their degree of relationship.

Qualitative Research: This approach focuses on exploring and understanding the subjective experiences, perspectives, and meanings attributed by individuals or groups. It involves methods such as interviews, observations, and analysis of textual or visual data to uncover insights and interpretations.

What are the 3 main methodological types of research?

The three main methodological types of research are:

Quantitative Research: This approach involves the collection and analysis of numerical data to uncover patterns, relationships, and statistical trends. It focuses on objective measurements, often utilizing surveys, experiments, and statistical analysis to quantify and generalize findings.

Qualitative Research: This methodology aims to understand the subjective experiences, meanings, and social contexts associated with a research topic. It relies on non-numerical data, such as interviews, observations, and textual analysis, to explore in-depth perspectives, motivations, and behavior.

Mixed-Methods Research: This type of research integrates both quantitative and qualitative approaches, combining the strengths of both methodologies. It involves collecting and analyzing both numerical and non-numerical data to gain a comprehensive understanding of the research problem. Mixed-methods research can provide a more nuanced picture by capturing both statistical trends and rich contextual information.

What are the 7 basic research methods?

There are several research methods commonly used in academic and scientific studies. While the specific categorization may vary, here are seven basic research methods:

Experimental Research: Involves controlled manipulation of variables to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

Survey Research: Utilizes questionnaires or interviews to collect data from a sample population to gather insights and opinions.

Observational Research: Involves systematic observation of subjects in their natural environment to gather qualitative or quantitative data.

Case Study Research: In-depth analysis of a particular individual, group, or phenomenon to gain insights and generate detailed descriptions.

Correlational Research: Examines the statistical relationship between variables to identify patterns and associations.

Qualitative Research: Focuses on understanding subjective experiences, meanings, and social contexts through interviews, observations, and textual analysis.

Action Research: Involves collaboration between researchers and participants to address real-world problems and generate practical solutions.

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Sex Differences in Colonic Mucosal Microbiome of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Compared to Healthy Controls

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Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a female-predominant disorder of brain-gut interactions. Our previous study on colonic mucosal microbiota demonstrated significant differences between IBS bowel habit subtypes and showed that gut microbiota is associated with abdominal pain in IBS patients. However, there is no consensus on sex-related differences in mucosal microbiota in IBS compared to healthy controls (HC). We aimed to identify sex-related differences in the mucosal microbes associated with IBS. Methods: Sigmoid mucosal biopsies were obtained from 97 Rome+ IBS patients and 54 healthy controls (HC). Mucosal microbiome was characterized using 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed and general linear models were used to test group differences between IBS diagnosis and sex. Sex-specific relationships between mucosal microbiome and IBS symptoms were assessed using sparse partial least squares (sPLS) regression. Results: Beta diversity was significantly different between men and women overall (p=.03) but not within IBS or HC. IBS women showed lower abundance of Catenibacterium and Ruminoclstridium_9 and increased abundance of Bacteroides, Escherichia/Shigella, Lachnoclostridium and Ruminococcaceae compared to men with IBS (p<0.05). However, healthy women had a lower abundance of six distinct genera compared to healthy men. In women, higher IBS symptoms were associated with an increased abundance of bacteria including prevotella_9, and paraprevotella, however, in men, IBS symptoms were associated with increased abundances of genera such as Dialister. Interestingly, increased abundance of Desulfovibrio was associated with higher symptoms in women but lower symptoms in men. Conclusion: There are distinct sex-related differences in the mucosal microbiome between IBS and healthy participants supporting the importance of studying sex-specific mechanisms in IBS pathophysiology.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funding Statement

NIH P50 DK64539, U54 DK123755, R21 DK104078, UL1TR0001881, VA IK2CX001717 (JPJ)

Author Declarations

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at the University of California Los Angeles

I confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.

I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).

I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.

Data Availability

The 16S sequences and associated metadata used in this study are part of several ongoing projects within our research group. Due to the active nature of these projects and our ongoing efforts in writing and publishing additional papers, we are not able to publicly release the entire dataset at this time. However, we are committed to transparency and scientific collaboration. Therefore, specific data requests can be accommodated on a case-by-case basis. We plan to submit the sequence and associated metadata to an appropriate publicly available archive once all ongoing projects are completed.

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  1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (PRESENTATION)

  2. Research Methodology Presentations

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  4. Day 2: Basics of Scientific Research Writing (Batch 18)

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  1. PowerPoint Slides: SOWK 621.01: Research I: Basic Research Methodology

    DeCarlo and his team developed a complete package of materials that includes a textbook, ancillary materials, and a student workbook as part of a VIVA Open Course Grant. The PowerPoint slides associated with the twelve lessons of the course, SOWK 621.01: Research I: Basic Research Methodology, as previously taught by Dr. Matthew DeCarlo at ...

  2. PDF Scientific writing

    Start with two or three sentences placing your study subject in context. Follow with a description of the problem and its history, including previous research. Describe how your work addresses a gap in existing knowledge or ability (here's where you state why you've undertaken this study).

  3. Lecture Notes on Research Methodology

    New York: Prentice-Hall, 1960. Download ppt "Lecture Notes on Research Methodology". 1 Research Methodology: An Introduction: MEANING OF RESEARCH: Research in common parlance refers to a search for knowledge. Once can also define research as a scientific & systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic.

  4. Scientific Writing Made Easy: A Step‐by‐Step Guide to Undergraduate

    Scientific writing, while an indispensable step of the scientific process, is often overlooked in undergraduate courses in favor of maximizing class time devoted to scientific concepts. However, the ability to effectively communicate research findings is crucial for success in the biological sciences.

  5. A COURSE IN RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2018.pptx

    The basic premise for writing this book is that research methods can be taught and learnt. The emphasis is on developing a research outlook and a frame of mind for carrying out research. ... and doctoral students to the process of conducting scientific research in the life sciences, social sciences, education, public health, and related ...

  6. How to Write and Publish A Scientific Paper

    8 Some major features of scientific writing. • Communicate information in concise and logical way • Make your paper stand out: convey how your results have changed the world. • Audience, forma, grammar, spelling and politics impose constraints on the scientific writing. • The secret is to match the mind of the reader.

  7. Research Methodology and Scientific Writing

    About this book. This book presents a guide for research methodology and scientific writing covering various elements such as finding research problems, writing research proposals, obtaining funds for research, selecting research designs, searching the literature and review, collection of data and analysis, preparation of thesis, writing ...

  8. PDF Research Methods Lecture 1: Scientific Method and Critical Thinking

    point of the conventional idea of the scientific method is to prevent this mode of research from proliferating once the techniques employed and objects found are no longer new. Library Research . 1. Pose question or hypothesis. 2. Search for answer in existing information sources. 3.

  9. PDF Principles of Scientific Writing

    Eliminating Redundancy: Scientific writing requires a writer to convey complex information directly and concisely. Add all the detail needed to convey the idea, but leave out extraneous information. Write concisely and omit redundancy by: Using precise action verbs. Avoiding hedging verbs such as appear and seem.

  10. PPT

    Scientific Research Methods. Prof . Dr. Hüseyin PADEM International Burch University. Introduction and Overview. One. Introduction and Overview:1 Two. Planning and Designing a research Study: 26 Three. General Approaches for Controlling Artifact and Bias: 65

  11. PPT

    Scientific Writing. An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Download presentation by click this link.

  12. How to Write Your Methods

    Your Methods Section contextualizes the results of your study, giving editors, reviewers and readers alike the information they need to understand and interpret your work. Your methods are key to establishing the credibility of your study, along with your data and the results themselves. A complete methods section should provide enough detail ...

  13. PPT

    Research Methodology: Writing a Scientific Research Proposal • Dean Sherzai MD, MAS • Ayesha Z. Sherzai, MD, MAS. Writing a research proposal Formulating a research problem Conceptualize research design Selecting a sample Collecting and processing data Introduction A Quick Glance. A research proposal has three main points: • Explanation of proposed research (what will be done ...

  14. [Updated 2023] Top 20 PowerPoint Templates for a Systematic Research

    Template 13: Graph of Primary Research Methodology PPT Template. Experience the power of data-driven insights with this professional and appealing PPT template. Designed for primary research, this template offers a comprehensive framework that includes field trials, observations, interviews, focus groups, and surveys.

  15. Tips for Scientific Writing & Presentation

    Posters should be created as a PowerPoint file at final size (check your meeting for dimensions; 4′ wide x 3′ tall is common). Presentation Tips. Slide Template for Short Talks (Note: The "presenter notes" in the file have tips and tricks.) Three Tips for Giving a Great Research Talk; How to Speak (Patrick Winston's famous MIT lecture)

  16. Research Methods Lesson Google Slides & PowerPoint template

    Premium Google Slides theme, PowerPoint template, and Canva presentation template. If you deal with Science, it's important to learn more about research methods. Teach your students about them with this presentation full of illustrations and drawings related to labs. Use graphs, maps, tables and overview diagrams to support your lecture in a ...

  17. What Is Quantitative Research? An Overview and Guidelines

    In an era of data-driven decision-making, a comprehensive understanding of quantitative research is indispensable. Current guides often provide fragmented insights, failing to offer a holistic view, while more comprehensive sources remain lengthy and less accessible, hindered by physical and proprietary barriers.

  18. What Is Qualitative Research? An Overview and Guidelines

    This guide explains the focus, rigor, and relevance of qualitative research, highlighting its role in dissecting complex social phenomena and providing in-depth, human-centered insights. The guide also examines the rationale for employing qualitative methods, underscoring their critical importance.

  19. Sex Differences in Colonic Mucosal Microbiome of Irritable Bowel

    Data Availability. The 16S sequences and associated metadata used in this study are part of several ongoing projects within our research group. Due to the active nature of these projects and our ongoing efforts in writing and publishing additional papers, we are not able to publicly release the entire dataset at this time.

  20. Caring for Your Mental Health

    The Division of Intramural Research Programs (IRP) is the internal research division of the NIMH. Over 40 research groups conduct basic neuroscience research and clinical investigations of mental illnesses, brain function, and behavior at the NIH campus in Bethesda, Maryland. Learn more about research conducted at NIMH.